Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Diffusion01:12

Diffusion

195.4K
Diffusion is the passive movement of substances down their concentration gradients—requiring no expenditure of cellular energy. Substances, such as molecules or ions, diffuse from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration in the cytosol or across membranes. Eventually, the concentration will even out, with the substance moving randomly but causing no net change in concentration. Such a state is called dynamic equilibrium, which is essential for maintaining overall...
195.4K
Theories of Dissolution: Diffusion Layer Model01:15

Theories of Dissolution: Diffusion Layer Model

862
Dissolution, the process by which drug particles dissolve in a solvent, is explained by the diffusion layer model, a theoretical framework that simulates the absorption of oral drugs and allows us to analyze experimental data.
This process starts with a thin layer, saturated with the drug, forming at the interface between the solid and liquid. The solute then diffuses from this layer into the main solution. The Noyes-Whitney equation suggests that the rate of dissolution relies on the diffusion...
862
Theories of Dissolution: The Danckwerts' Model and Interfacial Barrier Model01:09

Theories of Dissolution: The Danckwerts' Model and Interfacial Barrier Model

390
Various dissolution theories provide insight into the factors that influence the dissolution rate. Danckwerts' Model suggests that turbulence, rather than a stagnant layer, characterizes the dissolution medium at the solid-liquid interface. In this model, the agitated solvent contains macroscopic packets that move to the interface via eddy currents, facilitating the absorption and delivery of the drug to the bulk solution. The regular replenishment of solvent packets maintains the...
390
Passive Diffusion: Overview and Kinetics01:17

Passive Diffusion: Overview and Kinetics

619
Passive diffusion is a critical process that allows small lipophilic drugs to cross the cell membrane along a concentration gradient. This mechanism's efficiency depends on four primary factors: the membrane's surface area, the drug's lipid-water partition coefficient, the concentration gradient, and the membrane's thickness.
When administered orally, drugs establish a substantial concentration gradient between the gastrointestinal (GI) lumen and the bloodstream, expediting...
619
Carrier Transport01:21

Carrier Transport

516
The generation of electrical current in semiconductors is fundamentally driven by two mechanisms: drift and diffusion. These processes are essential for the functionality and performance of semiconductor-based devices.
Drift Current:
The drift of charge carriers is started by an external electric field (E). Charged particles, such as electrons and holes, experience an acceleration between collisions with lattice atoms. For electrons, this results in a drift velocity (vd) given by:
516
Transmission-Line Differential Equations01:26

Transmission-Line Differential Equations

380
Transmission lines are essential components of electrical power systems. They are characterized by the distributed nature of resistance (R), inductance (L), and capacitance (C) per unit length. To analyze these lines, differential equations are employed to model the variations in voltage and current along the line.
Line Section Model
A circuit representing a line section of length Δx helps in understanding the transmission line parameters. The voltage V(x) and current i(x) are measured...
380

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

<i>G</i>-Subdiffusion Equation as an Anomalous Diffusion Equation Determined by the Time Evolution of the Mean Square Displacement of a Diffusing Molecule.

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)·2025
Same author

Subdiffusion Equation with Fractional Caputo Time Derivative with Respect to Another Function in Modeling Superdiffusion.

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)·2025
Same author

Subdiffusion with particle immobilization process described by a differential equation with Riemann-Liouville-type fractional time derivative.

Physical review. E·2023
Same author

Subdiffusion equation with fractional Caputo time derivative with respect to another function in modeling transition from ordinary subdiffusion to superdiffusion.

Physical review. E·2023
Same author

Subdiffusion equation with Caputo fractional derivative with respect to another function in modeling diffusion in a complex system consisting of a matrix and channels.

Physical review. E·2022
Same author

First-passage time for the g-subdiffusion process of vanishing particles.

Physical review. E·2022
Same journal

Erratum: Low-dimensional model for adaptive networks of spiking neurons [Phys. Rev. E 111, 014422 (2025)].

Physical review. E·2026
Same journal

Disentangling the effects of many-body forces on depletion interactions.

Physical review. E·2026
Same journal

Charge transport and mode transition in dual-energy electron beam diodes.

Physical review. E·2026
Same journal

Optimization of multisite reactions in complex compartmentalized media.

Physical review. E·2026
Same journal

Origin of geometric cohesion in nonconvex granular materials: Interplay between interdigitation and rotational constraints enhancing frictional stability.

Physical review. E·2026
Same journal

Interaction of walkers with a standing Faraday wave.

Physical review. E·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 20, 2025

The Diffusion of Passive Tracers in Laminar Shear Flow
08:01

The Diffusion of Passive Tracers in Laminar Shear Flow

Published on: May 1, 2018

8.6K

Composite subdiffusion equation that describes transient subdiffusion.

Tadeusz Kosztołowicz1, Aldona Dutkiewicz2

  • 1Institute of Physics, Jan Kochanowski University, Uniwersytecka 7, 25-406 Kielce, Poland.

Physical Review. E
|November 18, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a composite subdiffusion equation to model continuous transitions between different subdiffusion states. This new model offers a more general approach for diffusion processes with time-varying parameters.

More Related Videos

In Situ Monitoring of Diffusion of Guest Molecules in Porous Media Using Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Imaging
06:34

In Situ Monitoring of Diffusion of Guest Molecules in Porous Media Using Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Imaging

Published on: September 2, 2016

6.5K
Spot Variation Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy for Analysis of Molecular Diffusion at the Plasma Membrane of Living Cells
05:56

Spot Variation Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy for Analysis of Molecular Diffusion at the Plasma Membrane of Living Cells

Published on: November 12, 2020

2.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 20, 2025

The Diffusion of Passive Tracers in Laminar Shear Flow
08:01

The Diffusion of Passive Tracers in Laminar Shear Flow

Published on: May 1, 2018

8.6K
In Situ Monitoring of Diffusion of Guest Molecules in Porous Media Using Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Imaging
06:34

In Situ Monitoring of Diffusion of Guest Molecules in Porous Media Using Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Imaging

Published on: September 2, 2016

6.5K
Spot Variation Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy for Analysis of Molecular Diffusion at the Plasma Membrane of Living Cells
05:56

Spot Variation Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy for Analysis of Molecular Diffusion at the Plasma Membrane of Living Cells

Published on: November 12, 2020

2.9K

Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Mathematics
  • Physical Chemistry

Background:

  • Subdiffusion processes are crucial in various scientific fields.
  • Existing models often assume constant diffusion parameters, limiting their applicability.
  • Modeling transitions between different diffusion regimes requires advanced mathematical frameworks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a novel composite subdiffusion equation.
  • To describe continuous transitions between subdiffusion states with varying parameters.
  • To provide a more general framework for modeling complex diffusion phenomena.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing a composite subdiffusion equation with a fractional Caputo time derivative.
  • Incorporating a function g to control intermediate time dynamics.
  • Defining parameters based on the time evolution of mean square displacement.

Main Results:

  • The proposed equation successfully models continuous transitions between subdiffusion states.
  • The function g effectively governs the process at intermediate timescales.
  • The composite subdiffusion equation is shown to be more general than traditional fractional subdiffusion equations.

Conclusions:

  • The composite subdiffusion equation offers a powerful tool for modeling diffusion with changing parameters.
  • This approach has broad potential applications in diverse scientific and engineering disciplines.
  • The model enhances the understanding of complex diffusion dynamics.