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Updated: Aug 20, 2025

Induction of Experimental Autoimmune Hypophysitis in SJL Mice
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Induction of Experimental Autoimmune Hypophysitis in SJL Mice

Published on: December 17, 2010

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Pituitary Infiltration by Lymphoma.

Víctor Hugo Tovar-Méndez1, Dalia Cuenca1, Francisco J Gómez-Pérez1

  • 1Department of Endocrinology, Neuroendocrinology Clinic, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, 14080, Mexico City, Tlalpan, Mexico.

Journal of the Endocrine Society
|November 18, 2022
PubMed
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Pituitary metastases from lymphoma are rare but serious, often causing hypopituitarism and diabetes insipidus. This study highlights the challenges in treating these rare lymphoma cases, with poor outcomes and limited endocrine recovery.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Oncology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Pituitary metastases (PMs) from lymphoma are exceptionally rare, accounting for less than 0.5% of all pituitary metastases.
  • Systemic lymphoma can infiltrate the pituitary gland, leading to diverse clinical manifestations and hormonal deficiencies.

Observation:

  • This case series presents 3 patients with pituitary metastases from systemic lymphoma.
  • A literature review identified 31 additional cases, predominantly non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL, 90%), particularly large B-cell NHL (45%).

Findings:

  • Central hypothyroidism (67%), adrenal insufficiency (61%), and diabetes insipidus (DI, 58%) were the most common pituitary deficiencies.
  • In the authors' series, all patients presented with hypopituitarism and DI, and 100% mortality was observed due to advanced systemic disease.
Keywords:
anterior pituitarycancerhypopituitarisminfiltrative disease

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  • Limited endocrine recovery (12%) and tumor regression on MRI (22%) were noted post-treatment.

    • Implications:

    • This study underscores the aggressive nature of pituitary metastases from lymphoma and the critical need for early diagnosis and management.
    • Understanding the endocrine and neurological impact of these rare metastases is crucial for patient care and treatment strategies.
    • The findings emphasize the poor prognosis associated with pituitary lymphoma infiltration, highlighting challenges in achieving full recovery.