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The tomato rosette mutation disrupts shoot-borne root formation by affecting auxin transport. This study reveals that calcium interferes with auxin flow, impacting root development.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Plant Biology
  • Molecular Genetics
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Root system removal triggers new root formation from shoots, a process regulated by auxin.
  • The exact mechanisms of auxin interaction with other signaling pathways remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the function of the tomato mutation rosette (ro) in shoot-borne root development.
  • Elucidate the role of the RO/BIG protein in auxin transport and calcium homeostasis.

Main Methods:

  • Phenotypic analysis of tomato ro mutants for wound-induced root formation (WiRs).
  • Mapping of the ro mutation to the tomato ortholog of Arabidopsis BIG.
  • Assessing auxin transport rates and sensitivity to calcium and auxin transport inhibitors.
  • Subcellular localization and morphological studies of RO/BIG.

Main Results:

  • Tomato ro mutants exhibit impaired WiR formation and reduced auxin transport.
  • The ro mutation maps to the tomato BIG gene, orthologous to Arabidopsis BIG.
  • Exogenous calcium inhibits WiR formation and antagonizes auxin's effects, with altered PIN1 accumulation in ro/big mutants.
  • ro/big mutants show disrupted cytoplasmic streaming and hypersensitivity to auxin transport inhibitors.

Conclusions:

  • RO/BIG is crucial for maintaining auxin flow, potentially by stabilizing PIN protein localization.
  • Calcium negatively regulates auxin transport and root development, an effect possibly mediated by cytoplasmic streaming disruption.
  • The RO/BIG protein may act at the endoplasmic reticulum to modulate calcium's impact on auxin transport.