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Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques
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Modulating Electron Conducting Properties at Lithium Anode Interfaces for Durable Lithium-Sulfur Batteries.

Qi Jin1, Kaixin Zhao1, Jiahui Wang1

  • 1Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, People's Republic of China.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|November 18, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed an artificial anti-electron tunneling layer using lithium fluoride (LiF) and sodium fluoride (NaF) to block electron flow. This prevents lithium dendrite growth, enabling stable lithium-sulfur battery performance.

Keywords:
Li dendritesLiF/NaF artificial SEILithium-sulfur batteriescycle lifeelectrical propertieselectron tunneling

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) properties are crucial for lithium-sulfur (Li-S) battery performance.
  • Existing SEI research often prioritizes ionic conductivity over preventing lithium dendrite growth from electron tunneling.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and evaluate an artificial SEI layer that blocks electron tunneling while maintaining ionic conductivity.
  • To improve the safety and cycle life of Li-S batteries by controlling lithium deposition.

Main Methods:

  • Constructed an artificial SEI layer enriched with lithium fluoride (LiF) and sodium fluoride (NaF) nanocrystals via a solution-soaking method.
  • Conducted theoretical and experimental analyses to assess the electron-blocking capability and ionic conductivity.
  • Tested symmetric cells and Li-S full cells under demanding conditions (high sulfur loading, lean electrolyte).

Main Results:

  • The LiF/NaF artificial SEI demonstrated significant electron-blocking capability, suppressing electron tunneling.
  • Achieved dendrite-free and dense lithium deposition even at ultrahigh areal capacities.
  • The artificial SEI exhibited enhanced ionic conductivity and mechanical strength compared to conventional SEIs.
  • Symmetric cells with protected lithium electrodes achieved 1500 hours of stable cycling.
  • Li-S full cells showed long-term cyclability with high sulfur loading, lean electrolyte, and limited lithium excess.

Conclusions:

  • The developed LiF/NaF artificial SEI effectively mitigates lithium dendrite formation by blocking electron tunneling.
  • This approach significantly enhances the stability and cycle life of Li-S batteries.
  • The study offers a novel strategy for designing advanced SEIs for safer and more practical Li-S battery applications.