Commiphora myrrh: a phytochemical and pharmacological update

Area of Science:

• Ethnobotany
• Phytochemistry
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Commiphora myrrh has a long history of traditional use across Arabia and Africa.
• It is recognized for treating wounds, infections, and inflammatory conditions.
• Its applications span antiseptic, astringent, and expectorant properties.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide an updated review of Commiphora myrrh's history, distribution, and traditional uses.
• To summarize current knowledge on its phytochemical constituents and pharmacological actions.
• To highlight its diverse biological activities and potential for drug development.

Main Methods:

• Literature search via Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science.
• Compilation of data on phytochemical composition and pharmacological effects.
• Synthesis of information on traditional and scientifically validated uses.

Main Results:

• Commiphora myrrh contains terpenoids, diterpenoids, triterpenoids, and steroids.
• Demonstrated biological activities include anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and neuroprotective effects.
• Emerging research indicates efficacy against respiratory infections, including COVID-19.

Conclusions:

• Commiphora myrrh's rich phytochemical profile supports its traditional applications.
• Its diverse pharmacological activities present opportunities for novel drug development.
• Further research is needed to fully elucidate its therapeutic potential and drug interactions.