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Updated: Aug 20, 2025

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Updates on metoidioplasty.

Borko Stojanovic1,2, Miroslav L Djordjevic1,2,3

  • 1Belgrade Center for Urogenital Reconstructive Surgery, Belgrade, Serbia.

Neurourology and Urodynamics
|November 20, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Metoidioplasty is a safe genital gender affirmation surgery for transmen, offering good aesthetic and functional results. This one-stage procedure includes various techniques to achieve patient satisfaction and male genital appearance.

Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Gender-affirming surgery
  • Plastic surgery

Background:

  • Metoidioplasty is a genital gender affirmation surgery (GAS) for transmen.
  • It is a simpler and safer alternative to phalloplasty.
  • The technique involves clitoral lengthening and urethral reconstruction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate updates in metoidioplasty techniques.
  • To review personal experience with the procedure.
  • To assess outcomes of metoidioplasty in transmen.

Main Methods:

  • Review of surgical steps: vaginal removal, clitoral straightening/lengthening, urethral lengthening, scrotum creation with testicular prostheses.
  • Analysis of patient data from January 2004 to January 2022.
  • Inclusion of variants: metoidioplasty before, after, or simultaneous with phalloplasty.
Keywords:
gender affirmation surgerymetoidioplastytransmenurethroplasty

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Main Results:

  • 938 transmen underwent one-stage metoidioplasty (mean age 29).
  • Neophallus length ranged from 4-10 cm.
  • Complications included urethral issues (143), implant dislocation/rejection (55), and vaginal remnant (92).
  • 99% achieved standing urination; 12.5% later requested phalloplasty.

Conclusions:

  • Metoidioplasty is a safe, one-stage procedure.
  • It offers good aesthetic and functional outcomes.
  • Variants allow for personalized genital reconstruction, enhancing patient satisfaction.