Glioblastoma multiforme: Diagnosis, treatment, and invasion
Jiawei Li1,2, Lili Feng3, Yingmei Lu1
1Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China.
Abstract:
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an essentially incurable brain tumor, which has been explored for approximately a century. Nowadays, surgical resection, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy are still the standardized therapeutic options. However, due to the intrinsic invasion and metastasis features and the resistance to chemotherapy, the survival rate of glioblastoma patients remains unsatisfactory. To improve the current situation, much more research is needed to provide comprehensive knowledge of GBM. In this review, we summarize the latest updates on GBM treatment and invasion. Firstly, we review the traditional and emerging therapies that have been used for GBM treatment. Given the limited efficiency of these therapies, we further discuss the role of invasion in GBM recurrence and progression, and present current research progress on the mode and mechanisms of GBM invasion.
Insights
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) remains incurable despite extensive research. This review covers current GBM treatments and invasion mechanisms, highlighting the need for improved therapeutic strategies against this aggressive brain tumor.
Area of Science:
- Neuro-oncology
- Cancer biology
- Tumor microenvironment
Background:
- Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a highly aggressive and largely incurable primary brain tumor.
- Current standard treatments (surgery, radiation, chemotherapy) offer limited efficacy due to GBM's invasive nature and treatment resistance.
- Unsatisfactory patient survival rates necessitate deeper understanding and novel therapeutic approaches.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a comprehensive overview of the latest advancements in Glioblastoma multiforme treatment.
- To elucidate the critical role of tumor invasion in GBM recurrence and progression.
- To summarize current research on the mechanisms underlying GBM invasion.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of traditional and emerging Glioblastoma multiforme therapies.
- Analysis of studies investigating Glioblastoma multiforme invasion and metastasis.
- Synthesis of research on Glioblastoma multiforme invasion modes and molecular mechanisms.
Main Results:
- Traditional therapies show limited success in improving Glioblastoma multiforme patient survival.
- Emerging therapies offer potential but require further development.
- Tumor invasion is a key factor in Glioblastoma multiforme recurrence and treatment failure.
- Significant progress has been made in understanding the cellular and molecular basis of Glioblastoma multiforme invasion.
Conclusions:
- Improved Glioblastoma multiforme treatment strategies are urgently needed.
- Targeting invasion mechanisms holds promise for overcoming Glioblastoma multiforme recurrence and resistance.
- Further research into Glioblastoma multiforme biology is essential for developing more effective therapies.
