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Clinical Course and Outcome in Children with Congenital Hyperinsulinism

Hedyeh Saneifard1, Elham Hajihashemi2, Minoo Fallahi3

  • 1Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Archives of Iranian Medicine
|November 21, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Congenital hyperinsulinism (CHI) management requires careful consideration of treatments. Hydrocortisone negatively impacted outcomes in children with CHI, suggesting medical management is preferable to surgical intervention.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Endocrinology
  • Neonatology

Background:

  • Congenital hyperinsulinism (CHI) is a primary cause of persistent neonatal hypoglycemia.
  • Hypoglycemia in neonates can lead to severe neurological deficits.
  • Effective management aims to prevent hypoglycemia, reducing mortality and morbidity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the clinical course and outcomes of children with CHI.
  • To assess the impact of different treatments on CHI patient outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 22 children with CHI treated between 2011 and 2017.
  • Data collected included demographic, perinatal, clinical, laboratory, imaging, and treatment details.
  • Follow-up data was analyzed to determine patient outcomes.

Main Results:

  • A higher mortality rate was observed in CHI patients treated with hydrocortisone (46%) compared to those not receiving it (40%).
  • Outcomes were generally better with medical management compared to surgical treatment for CHI.

Conclusions:

  • Hydrocortisone demonstrated a negative impact on the outcomes of children with CHI.
  • Medical management strategies appear more beneficial than surgical interventions for congenital hyperinsulinism.
Abstract

Keywords:
Congenital HyperinsulinismHydrocortisoneHypoglycemia

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