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Intravenous Hemostats: Foundation, Targeting, and Controlled-Release

Zihao Chen1, Lei Han1, Guo Meng1

  • 1Department of Special Operations Medicine, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China.

Bioconjugate Chemistry
|November 21, 2022
PubMed

Uncontrollable blood loss is the greatest cause of mortality in prehospital patients and the main source of disability and death in hospital care. Compared with external hemostats, intravenous hemostats are more appropriate for preventing and treating uncontrolled bleeding in vivo and large bleeding on the body surface. This Review initially establishes intravenous hemostats' response basis, including the coagulation mechanism, fibrinolytic pathway, and protein corona. Second, the study of advancement of intravenous hemostat targeting was expanded from two perspectives, cellular hemostatic agents and synthetic hemostatic agents. Meanwhile, after discussing the progress of controlled-release intravenous hemostats with platelets as the stimuli, this Review offers insight into the possibility of controlled-release intravenous hemostats with microenvironment as the stimuli, combining the studies of controlled-release targeted thrombolysis.

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