Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 20, 2025
09:20
Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
Published on: February 13, 2021
6.6K
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: A distinct heart failure phenotype?
Filippos Triposkiadis1, Grigorios Giamouzis1, John Skoularigis1
1Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa 41110, Greece.
World Journal of Clinical Cases
|November 21, 2022
Summary
The nomenclature for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) causes significant confusion regarding its pathophysiology and features. This ambiguity impacts clinical trials, diagnosis, and treatment strategies for HFpEF patients.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Clinical Medicine
Background:
- Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a complex clinical syndrome.
- Current understanding of HFpEF pathophysiology and diagnostic features remains debated.
- Arbitrary nomenclature contributes to diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.
Purpose of the Study:
- To discuss the confusion surrounding HFpEF nomenclature.
- To analyze the impact of this confusion on clinical trials and patient care.
- To highlight the need for standardized terminology in HFpEF research.
Main Methods:
- Literature review and critical analysis of existing HFpEF research.
- Examination of clinical trial methodologies and patient recruitment criteria.
- Discussion of diagnostic criteria and pathophysiological assumptions.
Main Results:
- The arbitrary nomenclature of HFpEF leads to significant ambiguity.
- HFpEF clinical trials have recruited heterogeneous patient populations.
- Inconsistent patient characteristics hinder the extrapolation of trial results.
Conclusions:
- The current nomenclature for HFpEF creates substantial confusion.
- This confusion negatively impacts the design and interpretation of clinical trials.
- Standardized terminology is crucial for advancing HFpEF diagnosis and treatment.
Related Concept Videos
01:17Pathophysiology of Heart Failure
1.7K
Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
1.7K
01:30Heart Failure IV: Classification and Diagnostic Evaluation
27
Heart failure can be classified in various ways, with the most common classifications based on physical activity limitations, disease progression, severity, and treatment strategies.The Functional Classification of Heart Failure divides patients into four categories based on physical activity limitation due to symptom burden.Class I: Patients in this class have cardiac disease but no physical activity limitations. Ordinary activities like walking, climbing stairs, or routine tasks do not cause...
27
01:27Heart Failure I: Introduction
42
Heart failure refers to a clinical syndrome caused by structural or functional cardiac disorders that prevent the heart from pumping an adequate amount of blood to meet the body's metabolic needs. This condition often arises from myocardial infarction or ischemia, leading to decreased cardiac output, reduced tissue perfusion, impaired gas exchange, fluid volume imbalance, and decreased functional ability.Heart failure can result from disruptions in the mechanisms that regulate cardiac output...
42
01:29Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology
30
Systolic Heart Failure and Compensatory MechanismsSystolic heart failure (also termed HFrEF, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) is the most prevalent type of heart filure. It results in a decreased volume of blood being pumped from the ventricle. The aortic arch and carotid sinuses have baroreceptors that detect reduced blood pressure, triggering the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Initially, this response aims to boost heart rate and...
30
01:26Heart Failure III: Clinical Manifestations
37
Heart failure (HF) manifests primarily as dyspnea, fatigue, and fluid retention, resulting in peripheral and pulmonary edema. Symptoms may vary depending on which ventricle is more affected, left or right.Left-Sided Heart FailureAlso known as left ventricular failure, this condition results from the left ventricle's inability to fill or eject sufficient blood into the systemic circulation. It leads to pulmonary congestion, which occurs when the left ventricle fails to eject blood effectively...
37
01:29Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
37
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or HCM, is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy without ventricular dilation. It is more common in men and is typically diagnosed in young, athletic adults.EtiologyHCM is primarily genetic and is caused by mutations in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins. Researchers have identified over 1400 mutations across at least 11 different genes. Among these, the most frequently occurring mutations are found in the...
37