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Experience with enteral sulfonylurea monotherapy for extremely low birth weight infants with hyperglycemia

Ai Nakagawa1,2, Daishi Hirano2, Yuka Inage2

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Machida Municipal Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.

Clinical Pediatric Endocrinology : Case Reports and Clinical Investigations : Official Journal of the Japanese Society for Pediatric Endocrinology
|November 21, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Enteral sulfonylurea monotherapy effectively manages hyperglycemia in extremely low birth weight infants (ELBWIs). This treatment achieved target blood glucose levels without severe adverse effects, offering a potential therapeutic option.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatology
  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Hyperglycemia is a common complication in extremely low birth weight infants (ELBWIs).
  • Limited data exist on the efficacy and safety of enteral sulfonylurea (SU) monotherapy for this condition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effects of enteral sulfonylurea monotherapy in hyperglycemic ELBWIs.
  • To assess blood glucose control and identify adverse events associated with this treatment approach.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective evaluation of 11 hyperglycemic ELBWIs treated with enteral SU.
  • Monitoring of blood glucose levels before and after SU initiation.
  • Assessment for adverse effects during treatment.

Main Results:

  • All patients showed improved hyperglycemia with target blood glucose levels achieved.
  • Treatment was initiated at a median of 15 days post-birth with a median maximum dose of 0.2 mg/kg/d.
  • Asymptomatic hypoglycemia occurred in 18 events per 1000 patient hours; no severe side effects were reported.

Conclusions:

  • Enteral sulfonylurea monotherapy appears to be an effective treatment for hyperglycemia in ELBWIs.
  • This therapeutic strategy may be considered a viable option for managing hyperglycemia in this vulnerable infant population.

Keywords:
extremely low birth weightglyburide (glibenclamide)hyperglycemiainfantsulfonylurea

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