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Instruments to evaluate non-technical skills during high fidelity simulation: A systematic review
Orsola Gawronski1, Kiara R Thekkan1, Catia Genna1
1Professional Development, Continuing Education and Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital (IRCCS), Rome, Italy.
Frontiers in Medicine
|November 21, 2022
Summary
High Fidelity Simulations (HFS) effectively develop Non-Technical Skills (NTS) in healthcare providers. The Team Emergency Assessment Measure (TEAM) is recommended for assessing NTS during HFS, though other instruments need further validation.
Area of Science:
- Healthcare Education
- Medical Simulation
- Non-Technical Skills Assessment
Background:
- High Fidelity Simulations (HFS) are crucial for developing Non-Technical Skills (NTS) in healthcare professionals.
- Validated instruments are needed to evaluate NTS performance during HFS.
- This review systematically assesses instruments for NTS evaluation in HFS.
Approach:
- A systematic literature review adhering to PRISMA guidelines was conducted.
- Searches were performed across major databases including PubMed, Cinahl, and Web of Science.
- Data extraction and quality assessment used COSMIN and GRADE methodologies.
Key Points:
- 110 reports were assessed, with 26 studies included, primarily from Europe and North America.
- NTS instruments varied widely, containing 1-14 domains and 3-63 items.
- The Team Emergency Assessment Measure (TEAM) is recommended for NTS assessment in HFS.
Conclusions:
- While TEAM shows promise, evidence for other NTS assessment instruments in HFS remains limited.
- Further research is essential to establish the validity and reliability of these instruments.
- Robust psychometric properties are needed for reliable NTS evaluation in simulation-based training.

