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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 20, 2025

A Real-world What-Where-When Memory Test

A Real-world What-Where-When Memory Test

Published on: May 16, 2017

Like a rolling stone: Psychotherapy without (episodic) memory.

Paul A Moore¹, Oliver Hugh Turnbull²

¹Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.

Frontiers in Psychiatry

|November 21, 2022

Summary

Profoundly amnesic patients can form emotional connections and benefit from psychotherapy. This study shows transferential feelings develop across therapy, highlighting opportunities for treating memory impairment.

Keywords:

amnesia brain injury memory psychoanalysis psychotherapy therapeutic alliance transference

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Psychology
Psychotherapy

Background:

Profound amnesia patients retain emotional learning capacity, vital for relationships.
Previous research (JL case) showed transferential feelings despite episodic memory loss.
This study investigates a second amnesic patient (GA) with anterior fornix lesions.

Purpose of the Study:

To report on a second case (GA) of a profoundly amnesic patient undergoing psychotherapy.
To compare GA's therapeutic process with a previous case (JL).
To explore differences and similarities, including confabulation and hyperphagia.

Main Methods:

Case study of a profoundly amnesic patient (GA) with anterior fornix lesions in psychotherapy.
Comparison of GA's therapeutic process with patient JL (medial temporal lesions).
Analysis of phenomena such as forgetfulness, repetition, therapeutic alliance, and therapeutic gain.

Main Results:

Commonalities between GA and JL include forgetfulness, repetition, importance of therapeutic alliance, and therapeutic gain.
Differences observed, such as confabulation in GA, potentially linked to lesion site or personality.
Emotional value learning and transferential feelings persist despite severe episodic memory impairment.

Conclusions:

Psychotherapy is feasible and beneficial for profoundly amnesic patients.
Transferential feelings and therapeutic alliance are possible, offering opportunities for treatment.
Lesion site and pre-morbid personality may influence specific phenomena like confabulation.