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Diagnosis and Surgical Treatment of Human Brucellar Spondylodiscitis
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Brucella canis discospondylitis in 33 dogs
Christina Long1, Elisabeth Burgers2, Christina Copple2
1Wheat Ridge Animal Hospital, Wheat Ridge, CO, United States.
Frontiers in Veterinary Science
|November 21, 2022
Summary
Brucella canis discospondylitis (BDS) in dogs often presents with chronic spinal pain and lameness in young animals. Characteristic radiographic "hole punch" lesions and MRI findings suggest this bacterial infection.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Neurology
- Infectious Diseases
- Diagnostic Imaging
Background:
- Brucella canis discospondylitis (BDS) is a significant spinal infection in dogs.
- Early and accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective treatment and management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize the clinical and imaging features of 33 dogs diagnosed with Brucella canis discospondylitis.
- To identify key diagnostic indicators for BDS in canine patients.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of clinical data, neurological examinations, and diagnostic imaging (radiographs, MRI, CT) from 33 dogs with confirmed BDS.
- Independent review of imaging by board-certified veterinary specialists.
Main Results:
- The majority of affected dogs (94%) were under 5 years old, with a median duration of clinical signs exceeding 6 months.
- Characteristic radiographic findings included "hole punch" lesions (86%), and MRI revealed vertebral physitis/spondylitis in 39% of cases.
- Fever was an uncommon finding (14%).
Conclusions:
- BDS should be suspected in young dogs with chronic spinal pain or lameness, especially when exhibiting "hole punch" radiographic lesions.
- MRI findings of vertebral inflammation without discitis can also raise suspicion for BDS.
- Increased awareness and screening for B. canis are recommended, particularly in regions like the southwestern United States.
