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Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

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Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability....
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Metal-Semiconductor Junctions01:24

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The contact of metal and semiconductor can lead to the formation of a junction with either Schottky or Ohmic behavior.
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Schottky barriers arise when a metal with a work function (Φm) contacts a semiconductor with a different work function (Φs). Initially, electrons transfer until the Fermi levels of the metal and semiconductor align at equilibrium. For instance, if Φm > Φs, the semiconductor Fermi level is higher than the metal's before contact. The...
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Color in Coordination Complexes
When atoms or molecules absorb light at the proper frequency, their electrons are excited to higher-energy orbitals. For many main group atoms and molecules, the absorbed photons are in the ultraviolet range of the electromagnetic spectrum, which cannot be detected by the human eye. For coordination compounds, the energy difference between the d orbitals often allows photons in the visible range to be absorbed and emitted, which is seen as colors by the human...
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Properties of Transition Metals02:58

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Transition metals are defined as those elements that have partially filled d orbitals. As shown in Figure 1, the d-block elements in groups 3–12 are transition elements. The f-block elements, also called inner transition metals (the lanthanides and actinides), also meet this criterion because the d orbital is partially occupied before the f orbitals.
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Metal-Ligand Bonds02:51

Metal-Ligand Bonds

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The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
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Updated: Aug 20, 2025

Fabrication of Ti3C2 MXene Microelectrode Arrays for In Vivo Neural Recording
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Two-Dimensional Half-Metallic and Semiconducting Lanthanide-Based MXenes.

Xiaojing Bai1, Yuanbin Xue2, Kan Luo3

  • 1School of Materials Science and Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, Henan455000, China.

ACS Omega
|November 21, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers explored new two-dimensional materials called lanthanide-based MXenes. Many of these novel MXenes exhibit half-metallic properties, showing promise for advanced electronic and spintronic applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Computational Chemistry

Background:

  • MXenes are a significant class of two-dimensional materials with diverse applications.
  • Expanding the elemental composition of MXenes is crucial for discovering new functionalities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To theoretically investigate novel lanthanide-based MXene materials.
  • To explore the electronic and magnetic properties of these new MXene configurations.

Main Methods:

  • Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were employed.
  • Investigated bare M2C (M = Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb) and their F- and OH-terminated structures.

Main Results:

  • Most F- and OH-terminated lanthanide MXenes were predicted to be half-metals.
  • Eu2CF2 exhibited a >2 eV band gap in spin-down states, suitable for spin applications.
  • Gd2CT2 (T=F, OH) showed magnetic semiconductor behavior with significant magnetic moments.
  • Hydroxyl-terminated MXenes displayed low work functions, with Tm2C(OH)2 at 1.46 eV.

Conclusions:

  • Lanthanide-based MXenes possess unique electronic and magnetic properties.
  • These novel materials hold potential for applications in spintronics, data storage, and advanced electronic devices.