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Related Concept Videos

Myocarditis III: Medical Management01:14

Myocarditis III: Medical Management

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Myocarditis: Comprehensive Medical ManagementMyocarditis, the heart muscle inflammation, requires a comprehensive medical management strategy that addresses the underlying cause, provides supportive care, manages symptoms, and reduces cardiac workload.Infections and Autoimmune CausesAdminister appropriate antimicrobial therapy when an infectious agent causes myocarditis. For instance, penicillin treats infections caused by Group A Streptococcus. In cases where autoimmune processes are...
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Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:27

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Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle. The symptoms vary widely, encompassing asymptomatic presentations to severe, acute manifestations.Clinical PresentationAsymptomatic cases: In some instances, myocarditis may be asymptomatic, with the infection resolving without intervention. These cases often go undetected unless discovered incidentally through diagnostic imaging or tests conducted for other reasons.General Early Symptoms: Early symptoms of myocarditis are non-specific and can...
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The Thyroid Gland01:23

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The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
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Myocarditis I: Introduction01:21

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Myocarditis is inflammation of the myocardium, which is the muscular layer of the heart.EtiologyMyocarditis has a diverse etiology, including a wide range of infectious and non-infectious causes:Infectious CausesViral: Common viruses include Coxsackie A and B, adenovirus, parvovirus B19, enteroviruses, and influenza A.Bacterial: Examples include infections caused by Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, and Mycoplasma species.Rickettsial: Infections like Rocky Mountain spotted fever can result in...
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Vaccinations01:51

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Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model
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Thyroiditis after mRNA Vaccination for COVID-19.

Arunava Saha1, Sanjita Chittimoju2, Nitin Trivedi2

  • 1PGY2 Internal Medicine, Saint Vincent Hospital, Worcester, MA, USA.

Case Reports in Endocrinology
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COVID-19 vaccine-associated thyroiditis, including subacute and silent types, can occur after vaccination. These rare cases present with initial thyrotoxic symptoms followed by a hypothyroid phase requiring monitoring.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Immunology
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can affect multiple organ systems.
  • Thyroiditis cases linked to COVID-19 vaccines are emerging.
  • Vaccine-associated thyroiditis can manifest as subacute or silent forms.

Observation:

  • Two cases of vaccine-associated thyroiditis are presented following mRNA COVID-19 vaccination.
  • Case 1: A 36-year-old woman developed subacute thyroiditis after the Moderna vaccine.
  • Case 2: A 33-year-old man developed silent thyroiditis after the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine.

Findings:

  • Both cases exhibited an initial thyrotoxic phase with symptoms like palpitations and heat intolerance.
  • Subacute thyroiditis involved neck pain and thyroid tenderness, while silent thyroiditis showed elevated antibodies and heterogeneous ultrasound findings.
  • Both patients eventually entered a hypothyroid phase, necessitating levothyroxine treatment.

Implications:

  • COVID-19 vaccines may trigger immune responses leading to thyroid inflammation.
  • Long-term monitoring is crucial for diagnosing and managing the hypothyroid phase in affected individuals.
  • Understanding these rare adverse events is vital for vaccine safety surveillance.