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Foreign bodies in the aerodigestive tract: time for comprehensive preventive measures
Peter Oladapo Adeoye1, Olushola Abdulrahman Afolabi2, Habeeb Kayodele Omokanye2
1Division of Thoracic & Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Ilorin.
Insights
Foreign body (FB) ingestion and aspiration in children is a critical surgical issue. This study highlights management strategies and outcomes, emphasizing the need for public health education and vigilant supervision to prevent aerodigestive tract FB incidents.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Surgery
- Otolaryngology
- Emergency Medicine
Background:
- Foreign body (FB) in the aerodigestive tract is a common pediatric emergency.
- It carries a significant risk of potentially fatal complications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the management and outcomes of aerodigestive tract FB cases.
- To propose preventive strategies for these incidents.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective review of 66 patients managed for aerodigestive tract FB.
- Data collected over a 9-year period (March 2011 - July 2020).
Main Results:
- Ingestion (57.6%) was more common than aspiration (42.4%).
- Dentures were the most frequent FB (30.3%).
- Mortality rate was 1.5%.
Conclusions:
- Children are the most vulnerable population for aerodigestive tract FB.
- Public health education and close parental/caregiver monitoring are crucial for prevention.
Background:
Foreign body (FB) in the aerodigestive tract presents more commonly in children and remains a surgical emergency with potential for fatal complications.
Objectives:
To describe management and outcomes of aerodigestive FB managed at University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital (UITH) and proffer preventive measures.
Methods:
A 9-year retrospective review of all patients with foreign body in the aerodigestive tract managed between March 2011 and July 2020.
Results:
Sixty-six patients were studied. Median age was 9years with M:F ratio =1.6:1. FB was ingested in 38(57.6%) patients, aspiration occurred in 28(42.4%). Denture was most common FB 20(30.3%); plastic whistle/valve placed in dolls or football accounted for 4(6.1%). When ingested, FB was impacted in cervical 17(44.7%), upper thoracic 10(26.3%) and middle thoracic 2(5.3%) oesophagus. Oesophagoscopy was used in 30(8.9%) for retrieval. When aspirated, FB was located in the right bronchus 10(35.7%), left bronchus 7(25.0%), hypopharynx and trachea 2(7.1%) each, and cricopharynx 1(3.5%); no FB was found in 3(10.7%) patients. Direct Laryngoscopy was the method of retrieval in 3(10.1%) patients while others had rigid bronchoscopy. Mortality rate was 1.5%.
Conclusion:
Children are most vulnerable group. Preventive effort should include public health education and close monitoring of children by parents and care givers during play.
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