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Related Experiment Videos

Changes in chest wall structure and elasticity in elastase-induced emphysema.

A J Thomas, G S Supinski, S G Kelsen

    Journal of Applied Physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)
    |November 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary

    Elastase-induced emphysema significantly alters chest wall structure and elasticity. Emphysematous animals exhibit a larger thorax and altered rib cage mechanics, impacting respiratory function.

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    Area of Science:

    • Pulmonary Medicine
    • Respiratory Physiology
    • Anatomy

    Background:

    • Emphysema is a chronic lung disease characterized by damage to lung alveoli.
    • Chest wall mechanics play a crucial role in respiratory function.
    • Understanding emphysema's impact on the chest wall is vital for respiratory disease management.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the structural and elastic changes in the chest wall caused by elastase-induced emphysema.
    • To analyze the passive pressure-volume relationship of the intact chest wall and the stress-strain relationship of the isolated rib cage.

    Main Methods:

    • Elastase-induced emphysema model in Syrian Golden hamsters.
    • Measurement of passive pressure-volume curves of the intact chest wall.
    • Assessment of isolated rib cage dimensions and joint articulation angles.

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  • Comparison between emphysematous and control (saline-injected) groups.

    • Main Results:

    • Emphysematous animals showed a 239% increase in functional residual capacity.
    • Chest wall pressure-volume curves were shifted leftward in emphysematous animals.
    • Thoracic dimensions (circumference, anterior-posterior, transverse) were significantly larger in emphysematous animals.
    • Rib and sternum lengths increased, and rib articulation angles were altered in emphysematous hamsters.

    Conclusions:

    • Elastase-induced emphysema leads to significant alterations in chest wall structure and elasticity.
    • These changes contribute to altered respiratory mechanics in emphysema.
    • The study highlights the complex interplay between lung disease and chest wall function.