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Factors Associated with Infant Mortality Due to Congenital Anomalies: A Population-Based Case-Control Study

Fatemeh Zolfizadeh1, Maryam Ghorbani2, Maryam Soltani3

  • 1Mother and Child Welfare Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.

Iranian Journal of Public Health
|November 21, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Congenital anomalies are a major cause of infant mortality. Factors like maternal age, smoking, and consanguineous marriage significantly increase infant death risk from these conditions.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Pediatrics
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Congenital anomalies represent a significant public health challenge, contributing to infant mortality and morbidity.
  • Investigating associated factors is crucial for developing targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify factors associated with infant mortality due to congenital anomalies in Iran.
  • To inform public health strategies for prevention and management.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study involving 2199 mothers across nine Iranian provinces (2015-2018).
  • Cases: mothers with infant death due to congenital anomalies. Controls: mothers with live births or infant deaths from other causes.
  • Logistic regression analysis was employed to evaluate associated factors.

Main Results:

  • Significant risk factors for infant death from congenital anomalies included: history of cesarean delivery, advanced maternal age, urban living, maternal smoking during pregnancy, consanguineous marriage, and low birth weight.
  • Specific odds ratios and confidence intervals were reported for each identified factor.

Conclusions:

  • Identifying risk factors for congenital anomalies is vital for reducing neonatal complications and healthcare costs.
  • Genetic counseling, educational programs for high-risk women, and prenatal screening are essential for prevention.
Abstract

Keywords:
Congenital abnormalitiesInfant mortalityIran

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