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Related Concept Videos

Movement Joints in Buildings01:27

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Movement joints in buildings are essential design elements that accommodate inevitable motions caused by various factors such as temperature changes, moisture content variations, and structural deflections. These motions, if not considered in design and construction, can lead to unsightly or dangerous damage. Movement joints are incorporated in different forms to manage these stresses and allow materials to move without causing distress.
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Building separation joints divide large or complex building structures into smaller, discrete units that can move independently. These joints are categorized into three types: volume-change joints, settlement joints, and seismic separation joints.
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Virtual work is a powerful method used to solve problems involving several connected rigid bodies. When the system is in equilibrium, virtual work is zero. This allows the calculation of the resulting forces when a system undergoes a virtual displacement. When attempting to analyze such a system, first, use a free-body diagram, where an independent coordinate represents the configuration of the links, and mark its deflected position resulting from the positive virtual displacement.
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Modelling method of inter-building movement for campus-scale occupancy simulation: A case study.

Mingya Zhu1, Yiqun Pan1, Zejun Wu1

  • 1School of Mechanical Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.

Building Simulation
|November 21, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study models occupant behavior (OB) at the district scale by developing methods for inter-building movements. The approach enhances building energy demand simulations by incorporating realistic movement patterns.

Keywords:
campus buildingsdata acquisitionevent descriptioninter-building movementoccupancy modellingstochastic processtransition probability

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Area of Science:

  • Building Science
  • Urban Planning
  • Energy Systems

Background:

  • Occupant behavior (OB) is crucial for building energy consumption, yet district-scale OB modeling remains limited.
  • Challenges include data scarcity, modeling methods, and simulation application for district-scale OB.
  • Existing research primarily focuses on building-level occupancy patterns.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To extrapolate occupancy modeling from the building to the district scale.
  • To propose and validate methods for modeling inter-building movements.
  • To assess the impact of district-scale OB modeling on building energy demand.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized multiple distribution fittings and Bayesian networks to upscale inter-zone movement events to inter-building events.
  • Developed a framework for applying these methods using campus-scale occupancy data.
  • Employed Markov chain models for stochastic simulation of campus district movements.

Main Results:

  • Defined five distinct patterns of inter-building movement based on campus data.
  • Validated simulation results against campus-scale occupancy measurements.
  • Quantified the impact of inter-building movement modeling on library building energy demand compared to standard schedules.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed methods effectively model district-scale occupant behavior through inter-building movements.
  • This approach provides a more accurate basis for building energy demand assessment at the district level.
  • The study offers a transferable framework for urban energy research and planning.