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The Effect of a Physical Activity Program Using WhatsApp on Adolescents' Exercise Behavior.
1Department of Public Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
Summary
A transtheoretical model (TTM)-based physical activity program delivered via WhatsApp significantly improved exercise behavior and self-efficacy in adolescents. This intervention effectively advanced stages of change and boosted physical activity levels.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Behavioral Science
- Digital Health
Background:
- Adolescent physical activity is crucial for long-term health.
- Traditional interventions face challenges in engagement and adherence.
- Mobile health (mHealth) interventions offer scalable solutions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the effectiveness of a transtheoretical model (TTM)-based physical activity intervention.
- To assess the impact of WhatsApp-delivered TTM messages on adolescent exercise behavior.
- To measure changes in stages of change, self-efficacy, and physical activity levels.
Main Methods:
- Quasi-experimental, pre-/posttest design with 185 high school students.
- Intervention group (n=95) received daily TTM-based WhatsApp messages for 8 weeks.
- Control group (n=90) received no intervention.
Main Results:
- The intervention group showed significantly greater progression in stages of change (χ²=20.10, p=.00).
- Exercising self-efficacy scores increased significantly in the intervention group (t=2.647, p=.009).
- Physical activity levels (METs) were significantly higher in the intervention group (Z=-3.521, p=.000).
- No significant differences were observed in BMI or perception of pros and cons.
Conclusions:
- A TTM-based WhatsApp intervention is effective for improving adolescent exercise behavior.
- The program successfully enhanced stages of change and exercising self-efficacy.
- This mHealth approach supports sustained physical activity engagement in adolescents.
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