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Assessment of Vascular Tone Responsiveness using Isolated Mesenteric Arteries with a Focus on Modulation by Perivascular Adipose Tissues
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Assessment of Vascular Tone Responsiveness using Isolated Mesenteric Arteries with a Focus on Modulation by Perivascular Adipose Tissues

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Endothelial dysfunction as a factor leading to arterial hypertension

Dorota Drożdż1, Monika Drożdż2, Małgorzata Wójcik3

  • 1Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension, Chair of Pediatrics, Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland. dadrozdz@cm-uj.krakow.pl.

Pediatric Nephrology (Berlin, Germany)
|November 21, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Endothelial dysfunction (ED) plays a key role in developing arterial hypertension and cardiovascular risks. Addressing ED is crucial for effective hypertension treatment, especially in children.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Vascular Biology
  • Pediatric Hypertension

Background:

  • Hypertension is a leading cause of mortality from cardiovascular complications.
  • Endothelial dysfunction (ED) is increasingly recognized as a critical factor in initiating arterial hypertension.
  • The endothelium's role in maintaining vascular health is vital, producing antithrombotic and anti-inflammatory substances.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the significant role of endothelial dysfunction in the development of arterial hypertension.
  • To emphasize the contribution of ED to cardiovascular complications.
  • To underscore the importance of considering ED in pediatric hypertension therapeutic strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent discoveries on endothelial function and dysfunction.
  • Analysis of the pathophysiology of ED-associated hypertension, including the role of nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability.
  • Exploration of new technologies for identifying endothelial structural and functional changes.

Main Results:

  • Oxidative stress and inflammation promote endothelial dysfunction, shifting function from protective to detrimental.
  • Reduced nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability is a key factor in ED-related hypertension.
  • Dysfunctional endothelium contributes significantly to hypertension and subsequent cardiovascular issues.

Conclusions:

  • Endothelial dysfunction is a central mechanism in the development of arterial hypertension.
  • Therapeutic strategies for hypertension, particularly in children, must incorporate the management of endothelial dysfunction.
  • Advanced technologies offer new avenues for diagnosing and understanding endothelial pathology.

Keywords:
Cardiovascular riskChildrenEndothelial dysfunctionHypertension

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