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Area of Science:

  • Sports Science
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Thermoregulation

Background:

  • Optimizing athletic performance requires understanding factors influencing power output.
  • Passive warming strategies, like heated clothing, are explored for their potential benefits.
  • The impact of controlled skin temperature changes on power performance in elite athletes remains an area of interest.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of passive heating via heated clothing on bench-pull power in highly trained swimmers.
  • To determine the relationship between changes in skin temperature and upper-body power output following a passive warm-up intervention.

Main Methods:

  • A crossover design study involving 8 elite swimmers.
  • Swimmers underwent a pool warm-up followed by a 35-minute transition period wearing either standard warm clothing (control) or heated clothing.
  • Bench-pull power was assessed at 50% of 1-repetition maximum during the transition phase.

Main Results:

  • Heated clothing increased mean skin temperature by 0.7 °C without altering core (tympanic) temperature.
  • Bench-pull mean and peak power output increased by 4.5% and 4.7%, respectively, following the heated condition.
  • A strong positive correlation was found between skin temperature and both mean (r = .94) and peak (r = .89) power output.

Conclusions:

  • Passive heating using combined upper- and lower-limb heated garments effectively increases whole-body skin temperature.
  • This increase in skin temperature leads to significant improvements in short-duration upper-limb power, specifically in the bench-pull exercise.
  • The observed improvements in power output are directly attributable to the elevated skin temperature induced by the heated clothing.