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Related Concept Videos

Sample Preparation for Analysis: Advanced Techniques01:08

Sample Preparation for Analysis: Advanced Techniques

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Accurate analysis of complex samples often requires advanced preparation techniques to achieve reliable and reproducible results. Samples containing inorganic or organic materials can be challenging to dissolve or decompose effectively. Standard sample preparation methods include acid digestion, fusion, dry ashing, and wet digestion.
Acid digestion with strong acids is commonly used to dissolve inorganic materials that are insoluble (do not dissolve) in water. This method can be useful for...
422
Sample Preparation for Analysis: Overview01:21

Sample Preparation for Analysis: Overview

297
Sample preparation is an essential step in the analytical process. It involves preparing a sample so that it can be analyzed accurately. The goal is to extract the analyte, the substance you want to measure, from the sample while removing any components that may interfere with the analysis. Sample preparation techniques vary depending on the physical state of the sample.
Bulk or large solid samples are typically reduced in size using grinding, crushing, or milling techniques to increase the...
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Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Lab01:21

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Lab

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For AAS measurements, samples must be introduced as clear solutions, often requiring extensive preliminary treatment to dissolve materials like soils, animal tissues, and minerals. Common methods for sample preparation include treatment with hot mineral acids, wet ashing, combustion in closed containers, high-temperature ashing, or fusion with reagents.
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Sampling Methods: Overview01:06

Sampling Methods: Overview

448
A sample refers to a smaller subset representative of a larger population. In analytical chemistry, studying or analyzing an entire population is often impractical or impossible. Therefore, samples are used to draw inferences and generalize the whole population. The sampling method selects individuals or items from a population to create a sample. Standard sampling methods include random, judgemental, systematic, stratified, and cluster sampling. 
In analytical chemistry, the choice of...
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Related Experiment Video

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Contrast variation SAXS: Sample preparation protocols, experimental procedures, and data analysis.

Josue San Emeterio1, Suzette A Pabit1, Lois Pollack1

  • 1School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States.

Methods in Enzymology
|November 21, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Contrast variation small angle X-ray scattering (CV-SAXS) visualizes protein-nucleic acid complexes. This technique allows detailed study of individual components or both within the complex.

Keywords:
Contrast variationProtein-nucleic acid complexSAXSSolution structures

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Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Structural Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Proteins and nucleic acids are fundamental to life.
  • Understanding their complex structures and interactions is key to life sciences and disease research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the application of solution small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) for studying protein-nucleic acid complexes.
  • To detail contrast variation (CV-SAXS) methods for analyzing these complexes in solution.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing solution small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS).
  • Implementing contrast variation (CV-SAXS) in two modes: one to visualize nucleic acids and another for both protein and nucleic acid components.
  • Acquiring SAXS profiles at varying contrast agent concentrations.

Main Results:

  • CV-SAXS enables visualization of distinct protein and nucleic acid components within complexes.
  • Mode 1 allows detailed study of nucleic acid structures by rendering proteins invisible.
  • Mode 2 permits simultaneous observation of both protein and nucleic acid structures.

Conclusions:

  • CV-SAXS is a powerful technique for structural, ensemble, compositional, and dynamic studies of protein-nucleic acid complexes.
  • The review provides a framework and practical guidance for implementing successful CV-SAXS experiments.