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Melanoma classification and management in the era of molecular medicine

Sarem Rashid1, Michael Shaughnessy2, Hensin Tsao3

  • 1Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA.

Dermatologic Clinics
|November 21, 2022
PubMed

Insights

This review covers melanoma epidemiology and advances in screening, diagnosis, and treatment. It highlights how new therapies offer hope but face challenges like drug resistance.

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Oncology
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Melanoma is a lethal skin cancer, but early detection and treatment improve outcomes.
  • Advanced melanoma treatments like chemotherapy and immunotherapy show promise but face resistance.
  • Combination therapies are transforming melanoma treatment paradigms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current melanoma epidemiology.
  • To discuss recent advancements in melanoma screening and diagnosis.
  • To summarize updated surgical and systemic treatment strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of melanoma epidemiology.
  • Analysis of recent advancements in screening and histopathological classification.
  • Review of staged excision techniques (wide local excision, sentinel lymph node biopsy, Mohs surgery).
  • Evaluation of current systemic treatments including chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy.

Main Results:

  • Melanoma incidence and mortality rates.
  • Effectiveness of early screening and prevention strategies.
  • Clinical outcomes and limitations of current systemic therapies.
  • Impact of combination therapies on melanoma treatment.

Conclusions:

  • Early detection and prevention remain crucial for melanoma management.
  • Systemic therapies have improved outcomes but resistance is a significant challenge.
  • Ongoing research into novel treatments and combination therapies is vital for advancing melanoma care.
Keywords:
BiopsyCombination therapyCutaneous melanomaEpidemiologyMalignant melanomaSurgical treatmentWide local excision

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