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Related Concept Videos

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention01:30

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention

53
Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
53
Renal Failure: Dose Adjustments01:11

Renal Failure: Dose Adjustments

137
In patients with renal impairment, drugs undergo significant changes in their pharmacokinetics, which require dosage adjustments to ensure safe and effective therapy.
Reduced renal clearance and elimination rate are common outcomes of renal impairment. These alterations lead to a prolonged elimination half-life and an altered apparent volume of distribution for drugs. As a result, dosage adjustments are typically necessary to maintain optimal drug levels in the body.
However, dosage adjustments...
137
Kidney Transplant III: Nursing Management01:16

Kidney Transplant III: Nursing Management

61
Postoperative Nursing Management for Kidney Transplant PatientsPostoperative nursing management care includes monitoring the surgical site, encouraging early movement, and promoting lung health through breathing exercises. Nurses also administer prescribed medications like H2-blockers, such as famotidine, or proton pump inhibitors, like omeprazole, to help prevent gastrointestinal ulcers and bleeding. Fungal infections in the mouth and bladder can result from immunosuppressive and antibiotic...
61
Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology01:29

Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology

49
Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes are categorized into three primary categories based on the location of the injury: prerenal, intrarenal (or intrinsic), and postrenal causes. This classification guides clinical management and illustrates how different pathways can impair kidney function.Etiology and Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney Injury1. Prerenal causesEtiology: Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury, the most common type, occurs when reduced blood flow to the kidneys decreases filtration capacity...
49
Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists01:28

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists

245
Neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptors are distributed across the GI tract, vagal afferents, and key CNS regions including the central vomiting center and chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) Chemotherapy agents stimulate enterochromaffin cells in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract to release large amounts of substance P (SP). SP is a neuropeptide released by specific sensory nerves in response to many different stressors, including those in the GI mucosa affected by chemotherapy.  SP binds and activates...
245
Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care01:28

Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care

70
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) requires collaborative and comprehensive management. CKD progresses through stages and can lead to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) if untreated. Interprofessional collaboration and patient education are crucial, enabling patients to manage their health and improve their quality of life.Diagnostic approach for chronic kidney diseaseThe diagnosis of CKD primarily focuses on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which assesses kidney function by measuring how well...
70

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 20, 2025

Chemotherapy-induced Vascular Toxicity - Real-time In vivo Imaging of Vessel Impairment
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[Anticancer Agents-Related Nephrotoxicity].

Takeshi Matsubara1

  • 1Dept. of Nephrology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine.

Gan to Kagaku Ryoho. Cancer & Chemotherapy
|November 22, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Cancer treatments can cause acute kidney injury (AKI) and other kidney problems in patients. Recognizing if kidney issues stem from cancer or its treatment is crucial for effective care.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Nephrology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Nephrotoxicity is a significant complication in cancer patients, impacting treatment and outcomes.
  • Acute kidney injury (AKI) in cancer patients leads to treatment discontinuation, prolonged hospitalization, and increased mortality.
  • Clinical manifestations of nephrotoxicity include AKI, chronic kidney disease, proteinuria, hypertension, and electrolyte imbalances.

Conclusions:

  • Nephrotoxicity is a serious concern in cancer care, necessitating careful evaluation of renal impairment.
  • Understanding the origins of kidney damage (cancer vs. treatment) is essential for optimizing patient outcomes.
  • This review highlights key aspects of anti-cancer drug-induced kidney injury for clinical awareness.

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