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Published on: December 21, 2019
Histopathological and immunohistochemical features of 14 peritoneal mesotheliomas with clinical outcomes and recent
Srushti Karmarkar1, Bharat Rekhi1, Kedar K Deodhar1
1Department of Surgical Pathology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
Background:
Malignant peritoneal mesotheliomas (MPMs) are rare tumors with overlapping clinical and histopathological features, especially with epithelial ovarian carcinomas (EOCs). There is no substantial documentation on these rare tumors from our country.
Objective:
To study the clinicopathological features including immunohistochemical (IHC) profile and clinical outcomes of 14 MPMs, diagnosed at our institution.
Materials And Methods:
This was a retrospective study, wherein 14 cases of MPM, occurring in female patients, diagnosed at our institution, between January 2008 and May 2019 were included, after a critical review.
Results:
Median age was 54.5 years. Most patients presented with ascites, omental nodularity, and fat stranding. Microscopically, most cases (11, 78.6%) displayed epithelioid morphology, followed by biphasic pattern (2, 14.3%) and a single case of well-differentiated MPM. IHC, diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of calretinin were 100% (13/13) and 85.7%; of HBME1 were 100% (5/5) and 100%; and of podoplanin (D2-40) were 60% (2/5) and 100%. Other positively expressed immunomarkers were epithelial membrane antigen (n = 2/5, 40%), cytokeratin 5/6 (n = 4/4, 100%), and WT1 (n = 9/10, 90%). Most patients (5/12, 41.7%) were treated with chemotherapy. The 3-year disease-free and overall survival rates were 25.7% and 54%, respectively, including improved survival trend in patients with epithelioid type of MPMs.
Conclusion:
MPMs are diagnosed with a combination of clinicopathological features and optimal IHC markers. Their differentiation from EOCs and other metastatic carcinomas is imperative in view of significant treatment implications.
Insights
Malignant peritoneal mesotheliomas (MPMs) are rare tumors that can mimic ovarian cancer. This study details their clinicopathological features and outcomes, highlighting key diagnostic markers and survival rates.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Pathology
- Surgical Pathology
Background:
- Malignant peritoneal mesotheliomas (MPMs) are rare neoplasms.
- MPMs share clinical and histopathological similarities with epithelial ovarian carcinomas (EOCs).
- Limited documentation exists for MPMs in certain regions.
Conclusions:
- MPMs require a combination of clinicopathological assessment and IHC markers for accurate diagnosis.
- Distinguishing MPMs from EOCs and other metastatic carcinomas is crucial for appropriate patient management.
- Optimal IHC markers aid in the definitive diagnosis and differentiation of MPMs.
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