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Updated: Aug 20, 2025

Author Spotlight: Assessing the Cardiovascular Profile of Patients with Metabolic Syndrome
Published on: September 27, 2024
Prevalence of Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk Factors Among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Al-Khobar, Saudi
Noor-Ahmed Jatoi1, Reem M Al-Qassab2, Fatimah H Al Salem3
1Internal Medicine, Vascular Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, King Fahd University Hospital, Al Khobar, SAU.
Background:
The prevalence of obesity has grown significantly worldwide. It is considered a major cardiovascular risk factor among type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients.
Objectives:
The main objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of obesity in patients with T2DM at King Fahd University Hospital (KFUH), Al-Khobar, and to assess the relationship between T2DM and cardiovascular risk factors with body mass index (BMI) and waist to hip ratio (WHR).
Methods:
A retrospective, cross-sectional study, included T2DM patients from the Internal Medicine department at KFHU. The investigators recorded patient demographics (age and gender), weight (kg), height (cm), body mass index (Kg/m2), waist and hip circumference (cm), smoking status, physical activity, blood pressure measurements (mmHg) and laboratory results of fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and lipid profile.
Results:
Among 346 patients, the prevalence of obesity and overweight was 62.4% and 27.2%, respectively. The relationship between BMI and demographic data including age and gender was statistically significant (P<0.05). The correlation between the BMI with cardiovascular risk factors including smoking, physical activity and WHR found to be statistically significant (P<0.05).
Conclusion:
Our study showed that obesity and overweight affect 89.6% of patients with T2DM. Therefore, it is important to take into consideration weight control strategies to effectively manage diabetic patients.
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