Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 20, 2025

Insertion, Maintenance, and Removal of the Percutaneous Dual Lumen Cannula Right Ventricular Assist Device
07:41

Insertion, Maintenance, and Removal of the Percutaneous Dual Lumen Cannula Right Ventricular Assist Device

Published on: July 20, 2022

2.0K

Risk of Inappropriately Timed Live Vaccination After Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery

Abigail N Shockley1, Emily N Israel2,3, Christopher A Thomas4

  • 1Department of Clinical Pharmacy (ANS), MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX.

The Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics : JPPT : the Official Journal of PPAG
|November 23, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Infants undergoing cardiac surgery often receive live vaccines too early after blood transfusions, risking reduced efficacy. This study found 67% of young children were inappropriately vaccinated post-cardiac surgery and blood product transfusion.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric cardiology
  • Immunology
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • Live vaccine administration timing is critical for efficacy, with recommendations to delay post-blood product transfusion.
  • Infants aged 5-12 months undergoing cardiac surgery requiring blood products may face vaccination schedule disruptions.
  • Current guidelines from the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP), and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) advise specific delays.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the risk of inappropriate live vaccination timing in pediatric patients post-cardiovascular surgery.
  • To assess the incidence of live vaccine administration within recommended delay periods after receiving blood products.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective chart review of 345 pediatric patients (5-12 months old) undergoing cardiovascular surgery.
  • Analysis included patients who received packed red blood cells (PRBCs) and/or platelets during admission.
  • Primary endpoint: incidence of live vaccine administration within 7 months of PRBCs/platelets.

Main Results:

  • 67% (n=230) of the 345 included patients received live vaccines inappropriately after transfusion.
  • A significant proportion of pediatric cardiac surgery patients experienced non-compliance with vaccination guidelines.

Conclusions:

  • Infants undergoing cardiac surgery (5-12 months) are at high risk for improper live vaccine timing.
  • A substantial percentage of these children received live vaccines inconsistently with AAP, ACIP, and CDC recommendations.
  • Provider and patient education may be necessary to improve vaccination practices.
Abstract

Keywords:
attenuated vaccinesbloodcardiac surgical proceduresimmunization schedulepediatricsplateletsvaccination

More Related Videos

Delivery of Cardioactive Therapeutics in a Porcine Myocardial Infarction Model07:20

Delivery of Cardioactive Therapeutics in a Porcine Myocardial Infarction Model

Published on: February 10, 2023

1.3K
A Simple and Efficient Method for In Vivo Cardiac-specific Gene Manipulation by Intramyocardial Injection in Mice06:42

A Simple and Efficient Method for In Vivo Cardiac-specific Gene Manipulation by Intramyocardial Injection in Mice

Published on: April 16, 2018

16.1K

Related Concept Videos

Cardiac Catheterization IV: Nursing Management01:26

Cardiac Catheterization IV: Nursing Management

Nursing responsibilities before cardiac catheterization include:Assess for allergies and establish baseline health status.Before cardiac catheterization, assess the patient for allergies to contrast dye. Perform a comprehensive baseline assessment, including vital signs, heart and breath sounds, and a neurovascular assessment of the extremities, noting distal pulses, skin color, and temperature. Instruct the patient to fast for 8-12 hours before the procedure. Evaluate baseline laboratory...
119
Cardiomyopathy VII: Pre and Post Operative Nursing Management01:28

Cardiomyopathy VII: Pre and Post Operative Nursing Management

Patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction who remain symptomatic despite optimal medical therapy may undergo a septal myectomy (Morrow procedure). This procedure involves excising a portion of the hypertrophied septum below the aortic valve using a heart-lung machine to improve blood flow through the LVOT. Effective preoperative and postoperative nursing management ensures successful patient outcomes, minimizes complications, and...
22
Cardiac Catheterization I: Pre-Procedure Overview01:28

Cardiac Catheterization I: Pre-Procedure Overview

Cardiac catheterization is an invasive diagnostic technique used to identify and evaluate structural and functional diseases of the heart and major blood vessels. This technique diagnoses congenital heart disease, coronary artery disease, valvular heart disease, and coronary spasms and assesses ventricular function. It helps guide treatment decisions, including the need for revascularization procedures like percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and...
121
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation IV: Pharmacological Management01:25

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation IV: Pharmacological Management

Pharmacologic intervention is crucial in treating cardiac arrest patients during ACLS or Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support. The ACLS algorithms guide the administration of specific drugs based on the patient's cardiac arrest rhythm, which includes pulseless ventricular tachycardia (VT), ventricular fibrillation (VF), asystole, and pulseless electrical activity (PEA).EpinephrineIndication: Epinephrine is the first-line drug for all cardiac arrest rhythms.Mechanism of Action: Epinephrine...
64
Aneurysm IV: Nursing Management01:22

Aneurysm IV: Nursing Management

Vigilant monitoring for aneurysm rupture is essential for patients undergoing aortic surgery.Preoperative Nursing ManagementContinuously monitor the patient for manifestations of aneurysm rupture, such as pallor, weakness, tachycardia, hypotension, abdominal, back, groin, or periumbilical pain, changes in consciousness, and a pulsating abdominal mass. Regularly assess the patient's peripheral pulses.Instruct the patient to consume a clear liquid diet the day before surgery and administer...
16
Aortic Regurgitation IV: Nursing Management01:17

Aortic Regurgitation IV: Nursing Management

A nurse managing a patient with aortic regurgitation begins with a comprehensive assessment, including a review of the patient's medical history, family history, and lifestyle factors. During the cardiac examination, the nurse listens for heart sounds and checks for signs of valve abnormalities. The nurse also observes for symptoms such as dyspnea, orthopnea, and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea and assesses the patient's endurance and daily activity tolerance.Based on the findings, the nurse...
40