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Relation between obesity-related comorbidities and kidney function estimation in children

Mark J C M van Dam1, Hans Pottel2, Anita C E Vreugdenhil3

  • 1Centre for Overweight Adolescent and Children's Healthcare (COACH), Department of Pediatrics, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre +, Maastricht, The Netherlands. mark.van.dam@mumc.nl.

Pediatric Nephrology (Berlin, Germany)
|November 23, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Childhood obesity increases chronic kidney disease risk. This study found correlations between obesity comorbidities and kidney function estimates, but results varied by equation. Rescaled serum creatinine (SCr/Q) may offer an alternative biomarker.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Obesity Medicine
  • Biomarker Discovery

Background:

  • Childhood obesity is a growing pandemic with potential long-term health consequences.
  • Increased risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a concern for obese children.
  • Existing estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) equations may introduce bias when assessing kidney function in obese children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze correlations between obesity-related comorbidities and various eGFR equations in children.
  • To investigate rescaled serum creatinine (SCr/Q) as a potential alternative biomarker for kidney function in this population.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional cohort study of 600 children with overweight/obesity (mean age 12.2 years).
  • Comprehensive assessment including anthropometry, blood pressure, labs, body composition, and polysomnography.
  • Comparison of multiple creatinine-based eGFR equations and evaluation of SCr/Q (rescaled for age/sex or height).

Main Results:

  • SCr/Q and most eGFR estimations showed significant correlations with obesity indicators (waist-to-hip ratio, fat mass) and metabolic markers (insulin resistance, lipids, liver enzymes, uric acid).
  • Correlations varied significantly across different eGFR equations, indicating mathematical form dependency.
  • The consistency of correlations was not universal across all tested equations.

Conclusions:

  • Correlations between obesity comorbidities and creatinine-based eGFR in children are equation-dependent.
  • Rescaled serum creatinine (SCr/Q) shows promise as an alternative biomarker for assessing kidney function in overweight/obese children.
  • Further research is needed to validate SCr/Q as a reliable kidney function biomarker in pediatric obesity.
Abstract

Keywords:
Childhood obesityCreatinineObesity-related comorbiditiesPediatricseGFR

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