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Related Concept Videos

Auditory Perception01:17

Auditory Perception

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The auditory system is essential for sound perception, utilizing various critical structures. When sound waves enter the outer ear, they travel through the ear canal and cause the eardrum to vibrate. These vibrations are then transmitted to the middle ear, where three tiny bones – the malleus, incus, and stapes – amplify the sound. This amplification is crucial, as it ensures that the sound vibrations are strong enough to be conveyed to the inner ear. These vibrations then reach the...
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Auditory pathways constitute the complex neural circuits responsible for transmitting and interpreting auditory information from the peripheral auditory system to the brain. Sound waves are initially captured by the outer ear, funneled through the ear canal, and reach the tympanic membrane (eardrum). These vibrations are transmitted via the middle ear's ossicles to the inner ear's cochlea.
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Visual agnosia is a condition characterized by the inability to recognize visually presented objects despite having normal vision. For instance, a person with visual agnosia can describe the shape and color of an object but cannot identify or name it. This impairment does not affect their visual field, acuity, color vision, brightness discrimination, language, or memory. An example of this condition in a social setting is someone at a dinner party asking for "that silver thing with a round...
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Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location01:21

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The human brain perceives pitch through two primary mechanisms reflected in place theory and frequency theory. Each mechanism describes how sound waves are interpreted as specific pitches by the brain, offering insights into the intricate processes of auditory perception.
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The human ear is not equally sensitive to all frequencies in the audible range. It may perceive sound waves with the same pressure but different frequencies as having different loudness. Moreover, the perception of sound waves depends on the health of an individual's ears, which decays with age. The health of one's ears may also be affected by regular exposure to loud noises.
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Sensation typically is the process by which the sensory receptors and sense organs detect stimuli from the internal and external environment and transmit this information to the central nervous system for processing.
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Foreign Accent and Forensic Speaker Identification in Voice Lineups: The Influence of Acoustic Features Based on Prosody
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Investigating Perceptual Subgroups in Speakers With Ataxic Dysarthria: An Auditory Free Classification Approach.

Kristie A Spencer1, Jessica Amaral1, Kaitlin Lansford2

  • 1Department of Speech & Hearing Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle.

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Ataxic dysarthria may have distinct subgroups related to motor pattern instability and inflexibility. Listener classification tasks support these subgroups, particularly during alternating motion rate tasks.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Speech-Language Pathology

Background:

  • Ataxic dysarthria exhibits significant variability in speech characteristics.
  • Motor pattern instability and inflexibility are proposed explanations for this heterogeneity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the alignment of ataxic dysarthria speech features with the instability/inflexibility subgroup framework.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of auditory classification tasks in identifying these subgroups.

Main Methods:

  • 23 listeners performed auditory free and guided classification tasks on 15 speakers with ataxic dysarthria.
  • Speakers were evaluated based on alternating motion rates (AMRs) and connected speech.
  • Listener judgments were compared against predefined instability and inflexibility subgroup profiles.

Main Results:

  • Both classification methods provided evidence supporting the existence of ataxic dysarthria subgroups.
  • Classification accuracy was notably higher for the AMR task.
  • High inter- and intrarater reliability was achieved in listener judgments.

Conclusions:

  • The findings support the existence of instability and inflexibility subgroups within ataxic dysarthria.
  • The auditory free classification paradigm is a viable tool for dysarthria subgroup research.