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Updated: Aug 20, 2025

Dissecting Innate Immune Signaling in Viral Evasion of Cytokine Production
Published on: March 2, 2014
Concurrent monkeypox and COVID-19: role of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist-like protein mechanism
Rujittika Mungmunpuntipantip1, Viroj Wiwanitkit2,3,4,5
1Private Academic Consultant Bangkok, Thailand.
Objective:
In 2022, monkeypox becomes a new global public health threat. Monkeypox has been present in Africa for a very long time. The COVID-19 epidemic has been affecting this region for some years. The outbreak state persists. The coexistence of the two diseases is an intriguing discovery. There is no documentation of the co-occurrence.
Methods:
The possibility of coexisting of the two lethal illnesses, monkeypox and COVID-19, is an intriguing scientific subject. Using bioinformatic pathophysiological pathway analysis, the authors investigated the pathophysiological pathways of COVID-19 and monkeypox.
Results:
The most common pathway was identified. An interleukin-1 receptor antagonist-like protein has been identified as a common pathway between the pathogenic processes of monkeypox and COVID-19.
Conclusion:
The findings could explain why severe COVID-19 and monkeypox do not coexist.
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