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Measuring the Carotid to Femoral Pulse Wave Velocity Cf-PWV to Evaluate Arterial Stiffness
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Influence of Rigid-Elastic Artery Wall of Carotid and Coronary Stenosis on Hemodynamics

Muhamed Albadawi1,2,3, Yasser Abuouf4, Samir Elsagheer1,5

  • 1Department of Energy Resources Engineering, Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology (E-JUST), P.O. Box 179, New Borg El-Arab City 5221241, Egypt.

Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 24, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Fluid-structure interaction (FSI) analysis reveals distinct hemodynamic responses in coronary and carotid arteries. While FSI increases wall shear stress in stenotic coronary arteries, it decreases it in stenotic carotid arteries, highlighting the importance of FSI in smaller vessels.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular fluid dynamics
  • Biomedical engineering
  • Computational mechanics

Background:

  • Cardiovascular system abnormalities pose significant health risks.
  • Accurate investigation of blood flow and arterial wall dynamics is crucial for understanding these conditions.
  • Fluid-structure interaction (FSI) offers a realistic approach to modeling these coupled phenomena.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate hemodynamics in coronary and carotid arteries using FSI.
  • To compare FSI simulations with rigid wall models.
  • To assess the impact of arterial wall response on blood flow characteristics.

Main Methods:

  • Numerical simulation of a 3D non-Newtonian blood flow model.
  • Application of FSI to elastic and rigid arterial wall models.
  • Analysis of hemodynamics in stenotic right coronary artery (RCA) and carotid artery (CA).

Main Results:

  • Maximum wall shear stress (WSS) was higher in FSI for stenotic RCA but lower for stenotic CA compared to rigid walls.
  • Maximum arterial wall deformation was 1.9% in RCA and 0.46% in CA at peak systole.
  • Differences between FSI and rigid wall models were minor for large arteries like the carotid artery.

Conclusions:

  • The rigid wall assumption is acceptable for flow modeling in large-diameter arteries (e.g., carotid artery).
  • The FSI approach is essential for accurate flow modeling in small-diameter arteries (e.g., coronary artery).
  • Understanding arterial wall mechanics is critical for precise hemodynamic analysis.

Keywords:
CFDFSIcardiovascular diseasescoronary artery disease (CAD)stenosis

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