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Related Concept Videos

Subviral Agents01:29

Subviral Agents

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Subviral agents are infectious entities that resemble viruses but lack one or more viral components, such as a capsid or essential replication machinery. These agents include viroids, prions, and satellites, each possessing distinct structural and functional characteristics that influence their mode of infection and replication.Viroids are the simplest subviral agents, consisting of circular, single-stranded RNA molecules without a protein coat. They exclusively infect plants, relying entirely...
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Antiepileptic drugs, such as levetiracetam (Keppra) and brivaracetam (Briviact), have emerged as crucial tools in managing epilepsy. These medications exert their therapeutic effects by targeting the synaptic vesicle protein SV2A, a transmembrane glycoprotein primarily found in the brain.
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siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs02:30

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The orderly progression of the cell cycle depends on the activation of Cdk protein by binding to its cyclin partner. However, the cell cycle must be restricted when undergoing abnormal changes. Most cancers correlate to the deregulated cell cycle, and since Cdks are a central component of the cell cycle, Cdk inhibitors are extensively studied to develop anticancer agents. For instance, cyclin D associates with several Cdks, such as Cdk 4/6, to form an active complex. The cyclin D-Cdk4/6 complex...
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Antimicrobial Effectiveness

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The effectiveness of antimicrobial agents depends on various factors influencing their ability to eliminate microbial populations. Larger microbial populations require more time for complete eradication, emphasizing the importance of population size analysis when evaluating antimicrobial efficacy.Microbial resistance to antimicrobial agents varies significantly. Highly resilient microorganisms include endospores, gram-negative bacteria, and non-enveloped viruses, while prions are exceptionally...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 20, 2025

Live Imaging and Quantification of Viral Infection in K18 hACE2 Transgenic Mice Using Reporter-Expressing Recombinant SARS-CoV-2
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Inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 Viral Channel Activity Using FDA-Approved Channel Modulators Independent of Variants.

Han-Gang Yu1, Gina Sizemore2, Ivan Martinez3

  • 1Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA.

Biomolecules
|November 24, 2022
PubMed
Summary

This study developed a method to detect and inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication using FDA-approved drugs targeting viral ion channels. The approach works across different variants, offering a potential strategy for COVID-19 treatment.

Keywords:
FDA-approvedOrf3aSARS-CoV-2blockerchannelenvelopeviral replicationviroporin

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Drug Repurposing
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • SARS-CoV-2 continuously mutates, leading to clinically significant variants.
  • Conserved viral ion channels (Orf3a and E) are crucial for SARS-CoV-2 replication.
  • Targeting these conserved channels offers a potential variant-independent therapeutic strategy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a method for detecting and inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 replication using FDA-approved ion channel modulators.
  • To investigate the efficacy of repurposed drugs against conserved viral ion channels (Orf3a/E).
  • To establish a variant-independent approach for targeting SARS-CoV-2.

Main Methods:

  • A fluorescence potassium ion assay was combined with ion channel modulators to assess SARS-CoV-2 Orf3a/E channel activity.
  • FDA-approved drugs, amantadine and amitriptyline, were tested for their inhibitory effects.
  • Viral variants (Alpha, Beta, Delta, Omicron) were analyzed in isolated samples and patient nasal swabs, with variants confirmed by PCR sequencing.

Main Results:

  • Orf3a/E channel activity was detected and inhibited in isolated Alpha, Beta, and Delta SARS-CoV-2 variants.
  • Amantadine and amitriptyline demonstrated inhibitory effects on viral protein channel activity in Delta and Omicron patient samples.
  • Specific IC50 values were determined for the tested drugs against different variants and sample types.

Conclusions:

  • An efficient screening method was developed to identify FDA-approved ion channel modulators for SARS-CoV-2.
  • Repurposed drugs can effectively detect and inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication, irrespective of the viral variant.
  • This approach holds promise for developing broad-spectrum antiviral therapies against SARS-CoV-2.