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Psychometric properties of the Chinese version of Attitudes and Beliefs about Cardiovascular Disease Risk Perception
Zhiting Guo1, Chuanqi Ding2, Wen Gao1
1The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine (SAHZU), Nursing Department, No. 88 Jiefang Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang Province, China.
Insights
This study adapted the Attitudes and Beliefs about Cardiovascular Disease (ABCD) questionnaire for Chinese adults. The validated Chinese ABCD tool accurately measures cardiovascular disease knowledge and risk perception, aiding tailored interventions.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular health
- Psychometric evaluation
- Health psychology
Background:
- Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading global cause of mortality.
- Perceived risk of CVD influences health behaviors like lifestyle changes and medication adherence.
- Understanding CVD knowledge and risk perception in China is limited, hindering targeted interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To cross-culturally translate and adapt the Attitudes and Beliefs about Cardiovascular Disease (ABCD) Risk Perception Questionnaire into Chinese.
- To evaluate the psychometric properties and validity of the Chinese version of the ABCD questionnaire.
- To provide a reliable tool for assessing CVD knowledge and risk perception in the Chinese adult population.
Main Methods:
- Translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the ABCD questionnaire following established guidelines.
- Cross-sectional study involving 318 adults in Zhejiang province, China.
- Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, content validity assessment, internal consistency (Cronbach's α, McDonald's ω), and item analysis.
Main Results:
- The Chinese ABCD questionnaire demonstrated a robust three-factor structure explaining 69.63% of the variance: risk perception, perceived benefits/intention for physical activity, and perceived benefits/intention for dietary changes.
- Excellent content validity (I-CVI=0.852-1.00, S-CVI=0.946) and strong internal consistency (Cronbach's α=0.801-0.940, McDonald's ω=0.853-0.952) were confirmed.
- Item analysis indicated appropriate difficulty (0.440-0.852) and discrimination (0.572-0.707) for the knowledge dimension.
Conclusions:
- The Chinese version of the ABCD risk perception questionnaire possesses sound psychometric properties for assessing CVD knowledge and risk perception in Chinese adults.
- This validated instrument can facilitate the development of culturally relevant and individually tailored CVD risk reduction and communication strategies.
- The findings support the use of the Chinese ABCD questionnaire to improve cardiovascular health outcomes in China.
Abstract:
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of global mortality and disease burden. The perceived risk of CVD, a central psychological construct, may affect health behavior change and maintenance, such as lifestyle modification and medication adherence. Risk perception varies based on the knowledge of risk in the context of cultural health-world views. Little is known about CVD-related knowledge and risk perception in China. The aim of this study is to cross-culturally translate, adapt, and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Attitudes and Beliefs about Cardiovascular Disease (ABCD) Risk Perception Questionnaire in Chinese. The translation and cross-cultural adaptation process followed established guidelines. A cross-sectional study of 318 adults between April and May 2022 was conducted in Zhejiang province. The study evaluated the item- and scale-level psychometric properties and validity indices of the ABCD risk perception questionnaire. The exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses of the risk scale supported a three-factor solution that accounts for 69.63% of the total variance, corresponding to risk perception (F1), perceived benefits and intention to change physical activity (F2), and perceived benefits and intention to change dietary habits (F3). Adequate content validity (I-CVI = 0.852-1.00, S-CVI = 946) was ensured by expert panel. The internal consistency of the dimensions showed good results ranging from 0.801 to 0.940 for Cronbach's α, and 0.853 to 0.952 for McDonald's ω. The item analysis of knowledge dimension indicated that the item difficulty index was 0.440 to 0.852, the item discrimination index was 0.572 to 0.707. This study confirmed that the Chinese version of the ABCD risk perception questionnaire has good psychometric properties in terms of measuring CVD-related knowledge and risk perception in the Chinese adult population, which can lead to the development of individually tailored CVD-risk reduction intervention programs or risk communication programs by health providers.
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