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Olfactory enrichment using a maternal pheromone improved post-weaning pig performance and behavior.
Courtney Archer1, Arlene Garcia2, Madelyn Henderson1
1Laboratory of Animal Behavior, Physiology and Welfare, Texas Tech University, Animal and Food Sciences, Lubbock, TX, United States.
Frontiers in Veterinary Science
|November 25, 2022
Summary
A maternal pheromone (MP) reduced aggression and improved feeding in weaned pigs. Exposure to MP significantly decreased the number of pigs losing weight post-weaning, enhancing overall health and welfare.
Area of Science:
- Animal Science
- Behavioral Science
- Agricultural Science
Background:
- Post-weaning stress in pigs is exacerbated by the absence of maternal semiochemicals and odors.
- This stress can negatively impact piglet behavior, health, and performance.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the effects of a maternal pheromone (MP) on weaned pig behavior and performance.
- To determine the optimal dosage and delivery method for the MP.
Main Methods:
- Four studies involving 192 weaned pigs were conducted.
- The MP, containing Myristic Acid and Skatole, was administered post-weaning.
- Key response variables included body weight gain and the percentage of pigs losing weight.
Main Results:
- MP exposure stimulated early feeding behavior and reduced aggression (p < 0.01).
- Pigs exposed to MP for 48 hours were significantly heavier at 16 weeks (p = 0.05).
- MP significantly reduced the percentage of pigs losing weight within the first 7 days post-weaning (0-6% vs. 25% in controls).
Conclusions:
- Maternal pheromones can mitigate post-weaning stress in pigs.
- Olfactory enrichment with MP improves piglet health, welfare, and performance.
- MP application offers significant economic benefits for commercial pig farming.
