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Impact of COVID-19 on Outcomes of Patients with Hematologic Malignancies: A Multicenter, Retrospective Study

Ibrahim Halil Acar1, Sebnem Izmir Guner2, Muzeyyen Aslaner Ak3

  • 1Adana Cukurova University, Faculty of Medicine, Hematology Department, Adana, Turkey.

Mediterranean Journal of Hematology and Infectious Diseases
|November 25, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Patients with hematological malignancies face higher COVID-19 mortality, especially older individuals with comorbidities. Acute leukemias and non-Hodgkin lymphoma showed the highest death rates.

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Patients with hematological malignancies are at increased risk of severe outcomes from COVID-19.
  • Understanding COVID-19's impact on this vulnerable population is crucial for risk stratification and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mortality rates of patients with hematological malignancies diagnosed with COVID-19.
  • To identify independent risk factors for all-cause mortality in this patient cohort.

Main Methods:

  • A multicenter, observational retrospective analysis was conducted.
  • Data from 569 patients with hematological malignancies and COVID-19 between July 2020 and December 2021 were analyzed.
  • Patients were categorized into survivors and non-survivors to determine mortality outcomes.

Main Results:

  • The overall all-cause mortality rate was 29.3%.
  • Highest mortality rates were observed in acute myeloid leukemia (44.3%), acute lymphoid leukemia (40.5%), and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (36.8%).
  • Independent risk factors for mortality included age ≥ 65 years, cardiac comorbidities, and ongoing active cancer therapy.

Conclusions:

  • COVID-19 significantly increases mortality in patients with hematological malignancies, particularly in older individuals with comorbidities.
  • Specific hematological cancers like acute leukemias and non-Hodgkin lymphoma are associated with higher mortality.
  • Proactive management considering age, cardiac health, and active treatment status is vital for improving outcomes.
Abstract

Keywords:
COVID-19 virus diseaseHematologic malignanciesMortality

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