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Generalized tendency to make extreme trait judgements from faces.

Atsunobu Suzuki1, Saori Tsukamoto2, Yusuke Takahashi3

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Summary

Individuals show a consistent tendency to make extreme judgments about others based on facial appearance across various traits. This generalized face-based trait inference (FBTI) tendency is stable and linked to other psychological factors.

Keywords:
facefacial emotion recognitionindividual differencesphysiognomic beliefstereotypestrait inference

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Area of Science:

  • Social Psychology
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Evolutionary Psychology

Background:

  • Face-based trait inference (FBTI) involves judging personality and abilities from facial appearance.
  • Extreme FBTI can negatively impact real-world decisions.
  • Previous theories suggested FBTI extremity is trait-specific.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if there is a generalized tendency for extreme FBTI across different traits.
  • To identify psychological correlates of generalized FBTI extremity.

Main Methods:

  • Participants' face-based trait inferences for seven traits were assessed.
  • Cross-trait correlations of inference extremity were analyzed.
  • Associations with response biases, facial emotion recognition, physiognomy beliefs, and stereotypes were examined.

Main Results:

  • High cross-trait correlations indicated a general factor of FBTI extremity.
  • This generalized tendency showed good test-retest reliability.
  • Generalized FBTI extremity correlated positively with facial emotion recognition, physiognomy beliefs, and stereotype endorsement.

Conclusions:

  • Individuals exhibit a stable, generalized disposition towards extreme face-based trait inferences.
  • This tendency is not an artifact of response biases.
  • Generalized FBTI extremity is linked to specific cognitive and belief systems.