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Lower respiratory tract disorders present challenges that often require skilled and nuanced approaches for effective management. Common ailments, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), have prompted the development of intricate treatment strategies involving bronchodilators and anti-inflammatory drugs, each tailored to ease breathing and revitalize the lungs.
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Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition for which new therapeutic avenues, including anti-inflammatory drugs like mast cell stabilizers and anti-IgE treatments, continue to be developed.
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Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are anti-inflammatory drugs used primarily in treating persistent asthma and providing long-term maintenance. They target the bronchial mucosa, the lining of the airways, to control inflammation, a critical factor in asthma progression and exacerbation.
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Asthma is a chronic pulmonary condition involving inflammation of the airways, hyper-reactivity, and reversible obstruction of the airways. This condition can significantly impact a person's quality of life, making breathing difficult and leading to distressing symptoms.
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Updated: Aug 20, 2025

Acupoint Catgut Embedding Therapy in Traditional Chinese Medicine for Managing Allergic Rhinitis
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Chinese Guideline on Allergen Immunotherapy for Allergic Rhinitis: The 2022 Update.

Chengshuo Wang1,2,3,4, Yixiao Bao5, Jianjun Chen6

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing TongRen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.

Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research
|November 25, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Allergic rhinitis (AR) affects 250 million in China. Updated guidelines for allergen immunotherapy (AIT), the only curative AR treatment, incorporate new research on TFR cells and biomarkers.

Keywords:
Allergen immunotherapyChinaallergic rhinitisbiomarkersguidelineshouse dust mitesimmunoglobulin Erush immunotherapysubcutaneous immunotherapy

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Allergology
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Allergic rhinitis (AR) prevalence is rising in China, impacting ~250 million individuals.
  • Current AR management includes avoidance, pharmacotherapy, and patient education, with allergen immunotherapy (AIT) as the sole curative option.
  • Previous Chinese AIT guidelines for AR were published in 2017.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To update the 2017 Chinese guidelines for allergen immunotherapy (AIT) in allergic rhinitis (AR).
  • To incorporate recent advancements in basic research and clinical practice of AIT.
  • To provide professional reference material for AR treatment in China and globally.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and expert consensus from the Chinese Society of Allergy (CSA) and Chinese Allergic Rhinitis Collaborative Research Group (C2AR2G).
  • Inclusion of new findings on follicular regulatory T (TFR) cells in AR pathogenesis.
  • Integration of data on allergen-specific IgE (sIgE) in nasal secretions for AR diagnosis.

Main Results:

  • Significant progress in understanding the role of TFR cells in AR.
  • Validation of sIgE in nasal secretions as a diagnostic tool for AR.
  • Identification of TFR cells, sIgG4, and sIgE as potential biomarkers for monitoring AR.
  • Novel insights into AIT during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Conclusions:

  • The updated guidelines reflect the latest scientific understanding and clinical applications of AIT for AR.
  • These revised guidelines aim to improve AIT efficacy and patient outcomes in China.
  • The document contributes to the global advancement of AIT for allergic rhinitis.