Halide Perovskite Single Crystals and Nanocrystal Films as Electron Donor-Acceptor Heterojunctions

Halide perovskites are materials for future optical displays and solar cells. Electron donor-acceptor perovskite heterostructures with distinguishing halide compositions are promising for transporting and harvesting photogenerated charge carriers. Combined e-beam lithography and anion exchange are promising to develop such heterostructures but challenging to prepare multiple heterojunctions at desired locations in single crystals. We demonstrate swift laser trapping-assisted band gap engineering at the desired locations in MAPbBr₃ microrods, microplates, or nanocrystal thin films. The built-in donor-acceptor double and multi-heterojunction structures let us transport and trap photogenerated charge carriers from wide-band gap bromide to narrow-band gap iodide domains. We discuss the charge carrier transport and trapping mechanisms from the viewpoints of engineered bands and band continuity. This work offers a convenient method for designing single-, double- and multi-heterojunction donor-acceptor halide perovskites for photovoltaic, photonic, and electronic applications.