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Related Concept Videos

Cellulose and Pectic Polysaccharides01:15

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 Every plant cell has a cell wall that protects the cell, provides structural support, and gives the cell shape. Cellulose, the main structural component of the plant cell wall, makes up over 30% of plant matter. It is the most abundant organic compound on earth.  Cellulose is an unbranched polysaccharide composed of linear chains of glucose molecules linked by β (1→4) glycosidic bonds.
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Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a very valuable analytical technique for researchers. It has been used for more than 50 years as an analytical tool. F. Bloch and E. Purcell formulated NMR in 1946 and won the 1952 Nobel Prize in Physics  for their work. Biological macromolecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and organic molecules including pharmaceutical compounds, can be studied using this versatile tool that exploits the magnetic properties of certain nuclei.
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Nanocellulose: A Fundamental Material for Science and Technology Applications.

Aiswarya Poulose1, Jyotishkumar Parameswaranpillai2, Jinu Jacob George1

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Plant fibers offer sustainable composite solutions, but their hydrophilic nature requires chemical treatment. This review details nanocellulose isolation, characterization, and applications in advanced materials.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Science
  • Biomaterials

Background:

  • Growing environmental concerns drive demand for greener, biodegradable materials.
  • Plant fibers are cost-effective, biodegradable alternatives to synthetic fibers in composites.
  • Hydrophilic nature and water absorption of plant fibers hinder interfacial adhesion in polymer matrices.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review updated information on nanocellulose isolation, classification, characterization, and applications.
  • To discuss the characteristics and industrial status of cellulose-based fiber-reinforced polymer composites.

Main Methods:

  • Mechanical methods for cellulose extraction.
  • Chemical methods for cellulose extraction.
  • Combined chemical and mechanical treatments for cellulose extraction.

Main Results:

  • Nanocellulose (cellulose nanocrystals, cellulose nanofibrils, microcrystalline cellulose) can be isolated using various methods.
  • Nanocellulose finds applications in food packaging, water purification, drug delivery, and composites.
  • Cellulose-based fiber-reinforced polymer composites show industrial relevance.

Conclusions:

  • Chemical treatments can mitigate the hydrophilic nature of plant fibers.
  • Nanocellulose is a versatile biomaterial with diverse applications.
  • Further research into cellulose-based composites is crucial for sustainable material development.