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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 19, 2025

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Sensitivity Enhanced Plasmonic Biosensor Using Bi2Se3-Graphene Heterostructures: A Theoretical Analysis.

Fusheng Du1,2, Kai Zheng3,4, Shuwen Zeng5

  • 1School of Electronic Engineering and Intelligentization, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China.

Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 26, 2022
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a novel plasmonic biosensor using bismuth selenide-graphene heterostructures for enhanced virus detection. The biosensor achieves high sensitivity by utilizing the Goos-Hänchen shift, showing potential for SARS-CoV-2 monitoring.

Keywords:
Bi2Se3-Graphene heterostructuresdifferential GH shiftplasmonic biosensorultrasensitive biosensing

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Area of Science:

  • Plasmonics
  • Biosensing
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Plasmonic biosensors are crucial for sensitive analyte detection.
  • Bismuth selenide (Bi2Se3)-graphene heterostructures offer unique optoelectronic properties.
  • Goos-Hänchen (GH) shift offers potential for enhanced biosensing sensitivity compared to phase-based methods.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To theoretically design and investigate a novel plasmonic biosensor based on Bi2Se3-graphene heterostructures.
  • To explore the use of the Goos-Hänchen (GH) shift for improved biosensing performance.
  • To evaluate the biosensor's potential for detecting viruses, including SARS-CoV-2.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a van der Waals (vdWs) stacked heterostructure comprising gold (Au) film, Bi2Se3, and graphene.
  • Utilizing 632.8 nm excitation and varying the thickness of the Bi2Se3-graphene layers.
  • Analyzing the Goos-Hänchen (GH) shift as the primary sensing mechanism.

Main Results:

  • The optimal configuration (32 nm Au film-2-QL Bi2Se3-3-layer graphene) yielded a maximum GH shift of -1.0202 × 10^4 µm.
  • Achieved a highest detection sensitivity of 8.5017 × 10^6 µm/RIU for a refractive index (RI) change of 0.0012 RIU.
  • Demonstrated theoretical feasibility for linear detection of SARS-CoV-2 (0–13.44 nM) and its Spike (S) glycoprotein (0–59.74 nM).

Conclusions:

  • The proposed Bi2Se3-graphene plasmonic biosensor exhibits significantly enhanced sensitivity via the GH shift.
  • The theoretical design shows great potential for sensitive and specific detection of viruses like SARS-CoV-2.
  • This work provides a theoretical foundation for developing advanced plasmonic biosensing platforms.