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Acellular Tissue-Engineered Vascular Grafts from Polymers: Methods, Achievements, Characterization, and Challenges
Xinyu Wang1,2, Vincent Chan1, Peter R Corridon1,2,3
1Department of Biomedical Engineering and Healthcare Engineering Innovation Center, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates.
Polymers
|November 26, 2022
Summary
Developing advanced polymer-based acellular vessels offers a promising solution for vascular repair. Further research in biomaterials and manufacturing is crucial for clinical translation of these engineered vascular grafts.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Regenerative Medicine
- Polymer Chemistry
Background:
- Vascular damage necessitates innovative therapeutic strategies, including bioartificial and biomimetic vessels.
- Current limitations exist in integrating engineered vascular segments into patient vasculature.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review design criteria, engineering factors, and fabrication methods for biomimetic vascular grafts.
- To elucidate the relationship between polymer properties and the biological functions of acellular vascular segments.
- To identify challenges and future directions for clinical translation of engineered vessels.
Main Methods:
- Review of polymer chemistry, additive manufacturing, and rapid prototyping for vascular engineering.
- Analysis of acellular vessel fabrication from novel polymeric materials.
- Examination of characterization techniques for tissue-engineered vascular grafts.
Main Results:
- Novel polymeric materials are being used to create acellular vessel equivalents.
- The correlation between polymer physical properties and biological functionalities is explored.
- Emerging characterization techniques for mechanical properties are presented.
Conclusions:
- Engineered acellular vessels show promise for vascular repair.
- Further advancements in materials science and manufacturing are needed for clinical application.
- Key challenges and future research avenues for polymer-derived vascular grafts are identified.
