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Assessing Cyber Risks of an INS Using the MITRE ATT&CK Framework.
Aybars Oruc1, Ahmed Amro1, Vasileios Gkioulos1
1Department of Information Security and Communication Technology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 2815 Gjøvik, Norway.
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 26, 2022
Summary
This study assessed cyber risks in modern ship integrated navigation systems (INS). Researchers identified 1850 cyber risks across 22 components, with 4 classified as critical, highlighting the need for enhanced maritime cybersecurity.
Area of Science:
- Maritime technology
- Cybersecurity in shipping
- Naval engineering
Background:
- Modern vessels rely on computerized systems for safety and efficiency.
- Integrated Navigation Systems (INS) are crucial bridge components.
- INS components present significant cyber threats and vulnerabilities.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the cyber risks associated with components of Integrated Navigation Systems (INS).
- To adapt and apply the MITRE ATT&CK framework for maritime cyber risk assessment.
Main Methods:
- A modified MITRE ATT&CK framework was employed for risk assessment.
- Cyber risks of 25 bridge components within INS were evaluated.
- Risks were classified based on severity: low, medium, high, and critical.
Main Results:
- A total of 1850 cyber risks were identified across 22 assessed components.
- Risk classification: 1805 low, 32 medium, 9 high, and 4 critical.
- Three components were found to have no associated cyber risks.
Conclusions:
- The study provides a comprehensive cyber risk assessment for INS components.
- Findings offer actionable insights for protecting navigation systems from cyber threats.
- Recommendations are relevant for scientists, ship operators, and product developers.
Keywords:
INSMITRE ATT&CK frameworkintegrated navigation systemmaritime cyber securityrisk assessmentMore Related Videos
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