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Related Concept Videos

Visual Agnosia01:12

Visual Agnosia

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Visual agnosia is a condition characterized by the inability to recognize visually presented objects despite having normal vision. For instance, a person with visual agnosia can describe the shape and color of an object but cannot identify or name it. This impairment does not affect their visual field, acuity, color vision, brightness discrimination, language, or memory. An example of this condition in a social setting is someone at a dinner party asking for "that silver thing with a round...
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Visual System01:26

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Light enters the eye through the cornea, a transparent, dome-shaped surface covering the surface of the eyeball that helps to direct and focus incoming light. This light is then channeled toward the pupil, an adjustable opening whose size is controlled by the iris. The iris, a pigmented muscle, regulates the amount of light entering the eye by contracting or dilating the pupil, thereby ensuring optimal light levels for clear vision.
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Depth perception is the ability to perceive objects three-dimensionally. It relies on two types of cues: binocular and monocular. Binocular cues depend on the combination of images from both eyes and how the eyes work together. Since the eyes are in slightly different positions, each eye captures a slightly different image. This disparity between images, known as binocular disparity, helps the brain interpret depth. When the brain compares these images, it determines the distance to an object.
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Blind Procedures02:07

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Ideally, the people who observe and record the children’s behavior are unaware of who was assigned to the experimental or control group, in order to control for experimenter bias. Experimenter bias refers to the possibility that a researcher’s expectations might skew the results of the study. Remember, conducting an experiment requires a lot of planning, and the people involved in the research project have a vested interest in supporting their hypotheses. If the observers knew which...
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At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category,...
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Vision01:24

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Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.
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Development of an Audio-based Virtual Gaming Environment to Assist with Navigation Skills in the Blind
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UNav: An Infrastructure-Independent Vision-Based Navigation System for People with Blindness and Low Vision.

Anbang Yang1, Mahya Beheshti1,2, Todd E Hudson2

  • 1Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA.

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|November 26, 2022
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This study introduces a novel vision-based localization system to aid navigation for visually impaired individuals. The system achieves precise location estimation, crucial for assistive technologies and mobile applications.

Keywords:
PnPVPRtopometric mapvisual-based localizationweighted average

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Area of Science:

  • Computer Vision
  • Robotics
  • Assistive Technologies

Background:

  • Vision-based localization offers a cost-effective alternative to sensor-based systems.
  • Existing solutions often require extensive infrastructure, limiting scalability.
  • There is a need for accessible navigation tools for individuals with blindness and low vision.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel vision-based localization pipeline for navigation support for users with blindness and low vision.
  • To integrate visual place recognition, location estimation, and pathfinding into a cohesive system.
  • To evaluate the system's performance in a complex real-world environment.

Main Methods:

  • A visual place recognition (VPR) algorithm identifies similar images in a reference database.
  • A weighted-average method estimates user location based on matched image geolocations.
  • The perspective-n-point (PnP) algorithm estimates user direction using 2D-3D correspondences.
  • Dijkstra's algorithm calculates the shortest path on a navigable map.
  • A custom GUI builds a topometric map from 3D sparse reconstructions and 2D floor plans.

Main Results:

  • The system successfully localized users with an average error of less than 1 meter.
  • Localization was achieved without requiring camera intrinsic parameters.
  • The pipeline integrates localization, direction estimation, and pathfinding capabilities.
  • The system demonstrated effectiveness in a complex hospital setting.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed vision-based localization pipeline provides accurate and accessible navigation support for visually impaired users.
  • The system's ability to perform localization without camera calibration offers practical advantages.
  • This technology has the potential to significantly enhance independence and mobility for its target users.