Photo-Assisted Metal-Air Batteries: Recent Progress, Challenges and Opportunities

To meet the need of high energy density, long durability, safe and cost-efficient energy conversion and storage devices, metal-air batteries like Li-O₂ and Zn-O₂ batteries have received enormous attention and were subject to exciting development in the past decade. Photo-assisted strategies that enable the effective combination of photo/electric energy conversion/storage render a new dimension for the conventional metal-air batteries techniques with mere electric energy utilization. Therefore, tremendous research is ongoing in search of more efficient and durable devices with photo-assisted strategies. This review provides an overview of photo-assisted Li-O₂ batteries, Zn-O₂ batteries, and batteries with various metal/air components. The working mechanism, the basic device architecture and practical performances of various photo-assisted systems are summarized and discussed. Furthermore, certain technical challenges and future opportunities for the photo-assisted metal air batteries are emphasized and discussed in the hope of stimulating further research.