Research progress on anti-ovarian cancer mechanism of miRNA regulating tumor microenvironment
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MingHua Cui1, YueHui Liu2, Li Cheng2
1Gynecology Department, Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China.
Abstract:
Ovarian cancer is the most deadly malignancy among women, but its complex pathogenesis is unknown. Most patients with ovarian cancer have a poor prognosis due to high recurrence rates and chemotherapy resistance as well as the lack of effective early diagnostic methods. The tumor microenvironment mainly includes extracellular matrix, CAFs, tumor angiogenesis and immune-associated cells. The interaction between tumor cells and TME plays a key role in tumorigenesis, progression, metastasis and treatment, affecting tumor progression. Therefore, it is significant to find new tumor biomarkers and therapeutic targets. MicroRNAs are non-coding RNAs that post-transcriptionally regulate the expression of target genes and affect a variety of biological processes. Studies have shown that miRNAs regulate tumor development by affecting TME. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms by which miRNAs affect ovarian cancer by regulating TME and highlight the key role of miRNAs in TME, which provides new targets and theoretical basis for ovarian cancer treatment.
Insights
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators of the ovarian cancer tumor microenvironment (TME). Understanding miRNA-TME interactions offers new therapeutic targets for this deadly malignancy.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Molecular Biology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Ovarian cancer is a leading cause of cancer death in women, characterized by poor prognosis, high recurrence, and treatment resistance.
- The complex pathogenesis of ovarian cancer remains largely unknown, highlighting the need for novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
- The tumor microenvironment (TME), comprising extracellular matrix, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), angiogenesis, and immune cells, significantly influences tumor progression and treatment response.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the mechanisms by which microRNAs (miRNAs) influence ovarian cancer through TME regulation.
- To highlight the critical role of miRNAs within the TME as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
Main Methods:
- Literature review focusing on the interplay between miRNAs and the ovarian cancer TME.
- Analysis of studies investigating miRNA-mediated regulation of TME components and functions.
- Synthesis of current knowledge on miRNA roles in tumorigenesis, progression, metastasis, and treatment resistance.
Main Results:
- miRNAs are non-coding RNAs that post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression, impacting various biological processes including cancer development.
- miRNAs modulate key aspects of the TME, influencing cancer cell behavior, immune evasion, and therapeutic resistance.
- Specific miRNAs have been identified as crucial players in shaping the ovarian cancer TME.
Conclusions:
- miRNAs play a significant role in regulating the ovarian cancer tumor microenvironment.
- Targeting miRNA-TME interactions presents a promising avenue for developing novel diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic strategies for ovarian cancer.
- Further research into miRNA-TME mechanisms can provide a strong theoretical basis for advancing ovarian cancer treatment.
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