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Electroconvulsive Therapy01:30

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Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), or shock therapy, remains a critical biomedical intervention for severe, treatment-resistant depression. While its origins can be traced back to Hippocrates' observations that malaria-induced convulsions alleviated mental illness, modern ECT has evolved significantly from its earlier, more primitive applications. First introduced in 1938 by Ugo Cerletti and his colleagues, ECT involves inducing controlled seizures using electrical currents. In its early...
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Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder01:28

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Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a mental health condition characterized by recurrent obsessions, compulsions, or both, which consume significant time and interfere with daily functioning. Obsessions involve persistent, intrusive, and unwanted thoughts, images, or urges that evoke anxiety. Common examples include irrational fears of contamination or harm. Compulsions are repetitive behaviors or mental acts performed to reduce the anxiety caused by obsessions. For instance, individuals...
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Psychosurgery, the surgical alteration or permanent removal of brain tissue to alleviate severe psychological conditions, stands as one of the most radical and controversial treatments in the history of mental health care. Its development and application have evolved significantly, marked by dramatic shifts in scientific understanding and ethical perspectives.
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Treatment approaches for psychological disorders fall into three main categories: psychological, biological, and sociocultural. Each approach targets different aspects of mental health, requiring varying levels of education and training.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 19, 2025

Exploring the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Reappraisal in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using Task-based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
09:14

Exploring the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Reappraisal in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using Task-based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Electroconvulsive therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder: A retrospective study.

Kun Li1, Jiang Long1, Wei Deng1,2

  • 1Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, The State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.

Frontiers in Psychiatry
|November 28, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) showed limited effectiveness for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), with 57.1% of patients responding. Comorbidities like depression and schizophrenia impacted treatment outcomes, suggesting careful patient selection for ECT in OCD.

Keywords:
comorbidityefficacyelectroconvulsive therapyobsessive-compulsive disorderrefractory

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a chronic mental illness with significant disability.
  • Standard treatments like cognitive-behavioral therapy and medication are not always effective.
  • Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) lacks robust evidence as a neuromodulation treatment for OCD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).
  • To identify risk factors associated with ECT treatment outcomes in OCD patients.
  • To analyze patient demographics and clinical characteristics in relation to ECT response.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of 21 OCD patients treated with ECT from 2009 to 2020.
  • Assessment of demographics and clinical characteristics.
  • Categorization into response and non-response groups based on the Clinical Global Impressions-Improvement scale.
  • Comparison of characteristics between responders and non-responders.

Main Results:

  • 57.1% of patients (12/21) responded to ECT.
  • An average of 7 ECT sessions were administered.
  • No significant demographic differences between response groups.
  • Non-responders had higher rates of comorbid depression and schizophrenia (P=0.041).

Conclusions:

  • ECT has limited effectiveness for treating OCD, particularly refractory cases.
  • Comorbidities with other mental disorders may negatively influence ECT efficacy in OCD patients.
  • Further research is needed to optimize ECT use in OCD treatment.