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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 19, 2025

Perspectives on Neuroscience
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Cities and neuroscience research: A systematic literature review.

Leonardo A Ancora1, Diego Andrés Blanco-Mora1, Inês Alves2

  • 1Institute of Physiology, Lisbon School of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.

Frontiers in Psychiatry
|November 28, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Urban environments impact brain activity, influencing cognition and emotion. Natural spaces promote positive affect, while built environments can increase stress and cognitive load, highlighting the need for neurourbanism in city planning.

Keywords:
brain researchbuilt environmentnatural environmentneuroscienceurban science

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Urban Planning
  • Environmental Psychology

Background:

  • Cities are global socio-economic hubs, making understanding urban environments' mental impact crucial for sustainability.
  • Neurourbanism offers a framework to investigate how urban spaces affect cognitive and emotional processes for healthier cities.

Approach:

  • A systematic literature review followed the PRISMA framework, searching major databases for studies on urban environments and brain activity.
  • Inclusion criteria focused on objective neuroimaging or electrophysiological measurements in adult human populations.

Key Points:

  • Urban built environments activate brain regions associated with perceptual and cognitive demands, and stress.
  • Natural spaces are linked to positive affect and well-being.
  • Urban living correlates with neural social stress processing, potentially linking to mood and anxiety disorders.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the neurological impact of urban spaces is vital for policy-making in urban mental health.
  • High-quality green/blue spaces and biodiversity support positive neural, cognitive, and emotional outcomes.
  • Further research on spatial perception in social contexts and technological advancements is needed for complex urban environments.