[Cellular and supracellular models in the study of molecular mechanisms associated with schizophrenia]

Schizophrenia is a severe mental illness, in the etiology and pathogenesis of which hereditary factors make a significant contribution. Studies of the genetic causes of schizophrenia are conducted using a variety of models. This brief review introduces the reader to cellular and supracellular models that, because of their simplicity, low cost, and low labor intensity, help to effectively investigate the complex molecular mechanisms associated with schizophrenia. The potential of cellular and supracellular models is greatly enhanced by the use of the CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing technology. Genetically modified models make it possible to achieve a previously inaccessible depth and detail of understanding of the role of genetic factors in the onset and development of schizophrenia. The information obtained can be used in the design of new drugs for personalized treatment of schizophrenia patients.